本溪濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻過低(di)，塵(chen)粒(li)難以保持在集塵(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)上，致使(shi)其(qi)重返氣流。比電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻過高，到達集塵(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)的塵(chen)粒(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷不易放(fang)出，在塵(chen)層之間形成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓梯度會產生局部(bu)擊(ji)穿和放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)現象(xiang)。

這些情況都會(hui)造成(cheng)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)效率下降。工作(zuo)原理/靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器用強電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)使(shi)(shi)灰塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)顆(ke)粒帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),在其(qi)通過除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)時,帶正/負(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)的(de)(de)(de)微粒分(fen)別被負(fu)/正電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)板吸附,即達到(dao)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)目的(de)(de)(de).由(you)于(yu)輻(fu)射摩擦等原因，空氣中含有少(shao)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)自(zi)(zi)由(you)離(li)子，單(dan)靠這些自(zi)(zi)由(you)離(li)子是(shi)(shi)不可能使(shi)(shi)含塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)空氣中的(de)(de)(de)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)粒充分(fen)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)。因此，要利用靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使(shi)(shi)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)分(fen)離(li)須具備兩個基本條件(jian)，一是(shi)(shi)存在使(shi)(shi)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)；二是(shi)(shi)存在使(shi)(shi)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)顆(ke)粒分(fen)離(li)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)。一般(ban)的(de)(de)(de)靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器采用荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)和分(fen)離(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)合(he)一的(de)(de)(de)方法，放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)的(de)(de)(de)金屬棒接(jie)高壓直(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)負(fu)極(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)極(ji)接(jie)地為正極(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)極(ji)可以采用圓管，也可以采用平板。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電壓升高到數(shu)(shu)值后，放電極(ji)附近(jin)的(de)(de)離(li)子獲得了較高的(de)(de)能量和速度，它們撞擊空氣(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)的(de)(de)中(zhong)性(xing)(xing)原子時，中(zhong)性(xing)(xing)原子會分解成正、負離(li)子，這種現象(xiang)稱(cheng)為(wei)空氣(qi)(qi)(qi)電離(li)。空氣(qi)(qi)(qi)電離(li)后，由于(yu)聯(lian)鎖反應，在極(ji)間(jian)(jian)運動的(de)(de)離(li)子數(shu)(shu)大大增加，表現為(wei)極(ji)間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)電流急劇增加，空氣(qi)(qi)(qi)成了導(dao)體。放電極(ji)周圍(wei)的(de)(de)空氣(qi)(qi)(qi)全部電離(li)后，在放電極(ji)周圍(wei)可以(yi)看見一圈(quan)淡藍色的(de)(de)光環，這個光環稱(cheng)為(wei)電暈。電除塵器的(de)(de)電暈范圍(wei)通常局限(xian)于(yu)金(jin)屬(shu)棒(bang)周圍(wei)幾毫米處。

空(kong)氣在電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)范圍電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)后(hou)，正離(li)子(zi)很(hen)快向負極(ji)(ji)移(yi)動(dong)，只(zhi)有(you)負離(li)子(zi)才會進入電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)外區(qu)，向陽(yang)極(ji)(ji)移(yi)動(dong)。含塵空(kong)氣通(tong)(tong)過電(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵器時，由(you)于電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)區(qu)的(de)范圍很(hen)小(xiao)，只(zhi)有(you)少量的(de)塵粒在電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)區(qu)通(tong)(tong)過，獲得(de)正電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷，沉積在電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)極(ji)(ji)上。

大多(duo)數塵粒在電(dian)暈外區通過，獲得(de)負電(dian)荷，沉積在陽極板上，當塵埃聚集到程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。