漳州濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比電(dian)阻過(guo)低，塵(chen)粒難(nan)以保(bao)持在集塵(chen)電(dian)極上，致使其重返氣流(liu)。比電(dian)阻過(guo)高(gao)，到達集塵(chen)電(dian)極的塵(chen)粒電(dian)荷(he)不易放(fang)出(chu)，在塵(chen)層(ceng)之(zhi)間形成電(dian)壓(ya)梯度會產生(sheng)局(ju)部擊(ji)穿和放(fang)電(dian)現象。

這(zhe)些情況都(dou)會(hui)造成除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)效率(lv)下降。工作原理(li)/靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)用(yong)強(qiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)使(shi)(shi)灰塵(chen)(chen)顆(ke)粒(li)(li)帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),在(zai)其(qi)通過除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)時,帶(dai)正/負(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)(he)的(de)(de)微粒(li)(li)分(fen)別被負(fu)(fu)/正電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)板吸(xi)附(fu),即(ji)達到除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)目的(de)(de).由(you)(you)(you)于輻射摩擦等(deng)原因，空氣中含(han)有少量的(de)(de)自由(you)(you)(you)離(li)(li)子，單靠這(zhe)些自由(you)(you)(you)離(li)(li)子是(shi)(shi)不(bu)可能使(shi)(shi)含(han)塵(chen)(chen)空氣中的(de)(de)塵(chen)(chen)粒(li)(li)充(chong)分(fen)荷(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)。因此，要利用(yong)靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使(shi)(shi)粉塵(chen)(chen)分(fen)離(li)(li)須具備兩(liang)個(ge)基本(ben)條件，一是(shi)(shi)存在(zai)使(shi)(shi)粉塵(chen)(chen)荷(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)；二是(shi)(shi)存在(zai)使(shi)(shi)荷(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉塵(chen)(chen)顆(ke)粒(li)(li)分(fen)離(li)(li)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)。一般的(de)(de)靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)采(cai)用(yong)荷(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)和分(fen)離(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)合一的(de)(de)方法，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)的(de)(de)金(jin)屬棒接(jie)高壓直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)(de)負(fu)(fu)極(ji)，集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)極(ji)接(jie)地(di)為正極(ji)，集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)極(ji)可以采(cai)用(yong)圓管(guan)，也(ye)可以采(cai)用(yong)平板。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電壓升高到(dao)數值后(hou)，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)附(fu)近的(de)離(li)子(zi)獲得了(le)較高(gao)的(de)能(neng)量和速度(du)，它們(men)撞擊空氣(qi)(qi)中的(de)中性原子(zi)時，中性原子(zi)會分(fen)解成正、負(fu)離(li)子(zi)，這種現象(xiang)稱(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)空氣(qi)(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)。空氣(qi)(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)后(hou)，由于(yu)聯鎖反應，在極(ji)間運動的(de)離(li)子(zi)數大大增(zeng)加，表現為(wei)極(ji)間的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)急劇增(zeng)加，空氣(qi)(qi)成了(le)導體。放電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)周圍的(de)空氣(qi)(qi)全部電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)后(hou)，在放電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)周圍可以(yi)看見一圈淡(dan)藍(lan)色(se)的(de)光環(huan)(huan)，這個光環(huan)(huan)稱(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈。電(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵器的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈范圍通常局限于(yu)金屬棒周圍幾毫米處。

空氣(qi)在(zai)(zai)電暈范圍(wei)電離后，正離子(zi)很(hen)快向負極移動，只(zhi)有(you)負離子(zi)才(cai)會進入(ru)電暈外區(qu)(qu)，向陽(yang)極移動。含塵空氣(qi)通過(guo)電除塵器時，由于(yu)電暈區(qu)(qu)的范圍(wei)很(hen)小(xiao)，只(zhi)有(you)少量的塵粒在(zai)(zai)電暈區(qu)(qu)通過(guo)，獲得正電荷(he)，沉積在(zai)(zai)電暈極上。

大(da)多(duo)數塵粒在電暈外區(qu)通過，獲得負電荷，沉(chen)積(ji)在陽(yang)極板上(shang)，當塵埃聚集到程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。