棗莊濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)過(guo)低，塵粒難(nan)以保持在(zai)集塵電(dian)(dian)極上，致(zhi)使其重返氣流(liu)。比電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)過(guo)高(gao)，到達集塵電(dian)(dian)極的塵粒電(dian)(dian)荷(he)不易放(fang)(fang)出，在(zai)塵層之(zhi)間形(xing)成電(dian)(dian)壓梯度會產(chan)生局(ju)部擊穿(chuan)和放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)現象。

這(zhe)些情況都(dou)會造成除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)效率(lv)下降。工作原理(li)/靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器用(yong)(yong)(yong)強電(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)使(shi)灰(hui)塵(chen)(chen)顆(ke)粒(li)帶電(dian)(dian)(dian),在其通過除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)時,帶正(zheng)/負電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)微粒(li)分(fen)別被(bei)負/正(zheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)板(ban)吸(xi)附,即達到(dao)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de).由(you)于輻射(she)摩(mo)擦等原因，空(kong)氣(qi)中(zhong)含有少量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自由(you)離(li)子(zi)，單靠這(zhe)些自由(you)離(li)子(zi)是不可(ke)能使(shi)含塵(chen)(chen)空(kong)氣(qi)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)塵(chen)(chen)粒(li)充分(fen)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。因此，要利用(yong)(yong)(yong)靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)使(shi)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)分(fen)離(li)須具備兩個(ge)基本條件，一(yi)是存(cun)在使(shi)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)；二是存(cun)在使(shi)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)顆(ke)粒(li)分(fen)離(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)。一(yi)般的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器采用(yong)(yong)(yong)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)和分(fen)離(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)合一(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方法(fa)，放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)金屬棒接(jie)高壓直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)負極(ji)(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)極(ji)(ji)接(jie)地為正(zheng)極(ji)(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)極(ji)(ji)可(ke)以采用(yong)(yong)(yong)圓管，也可(ke)以采用(yong)(yong)(yong)平板(ban)。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電壓(ya)升高到數(shu)值(zhi)后(hou)，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)附近的(de)(de)離子(zi)獲得了較高的(de)(de)能量和速(su)度(du)，它(ta)們(men)撞擊空氣中(zhong)的(de)(de)中(zhong)性原子(zi)時(shi)，中(zhong)性原子(zi)會分解(jie)成正、負離子(zi)，這種現象(xiang)稱為空氣電(dian)(dian)(dian)離。空氣電(dian)(dian)(dian)離后(hou)，由于聯鎖反(fan)應，在極(ji)間運動的(de)(de)離子(zi)數(shu)大大增加，表現為極(ji)間的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)急劇增加，空氣成了導(dao)體。放電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)周(zhou)圍(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)空氣全部電(dian)(dian)(dian)離后(hou)，在放電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)周(zhou)圍(wei)(wei)可以看見一圈淡藍(lan)色的(de)(de)光環，這個光環稱為電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵(chen)器(qi)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)范圍(wei)(wei)通常(chang)局限于金屬棒周(zhou)圍(wei)(wei)幾毫(hao)米處(chu)。

空氣(qi)在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)(yun)范(fan)圍電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)離后，正離子很(hen)快向(xiang)負(fu)極(ji)移(yi)動(dong)(dong)，只有(you)負(fu)離子才會進入(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)(yun)外區，向(xiang)陽(yang)極(ji)移(yi)動(dong)(dong)。含塵(chen)空氣(qi)通(tong)過電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)器時(shi)，由(you)于(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)(yun)區的(de)范(fan)圍很(hen)小，只有(you)少量(liang)的(de)塵(chen)粒在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)(yun)區通(tong)過，獲得正電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷，沉(chen)積在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)(yun)極(ji)上。

大多(duo)數(shu)塵粒在電(dian)暈外區通過(guo)，獲(huo)得負電(dian)荷(he)，沉積在陽(yang)極板上，當塵埃聚集到程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。