玉溪濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比電(dian)阻(zu)過低，塵(chen)(chen)(chen)粒難(nan)以保(bao)持在(zai)集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)電(dian)極上，致使其重返氣流。比電(dian)阻(zu)過高，到(dao)達集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)電(dian)極的塵(chen)(chen)(chen)粒電(dian)荷不(bu)易放(fang)出，在(zai)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)層(ceng)之間形(xing)成(cheng)電(dian)壓梯度會產(chan)生局(ju)部擊(ji)穿(chuan)和放(fang)電(dian)現象。

這些情(qing)況都會(hui)造成除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)效率下(xia)降。工作原理/靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)用(yong)強電(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)使(shi)灰塵(chen)(chen)(chen)顆粒帶電(dian)(dian)(dian),在其通過除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)時(shi),帶正/負電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷的(de)微(wei)粒分(fen)(fen)別被負/正電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)板吸附,即達到除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)目的(de).由于輻射摩擦等原因(yin)，空(kong)氣中含(han)有(you)少量的(de)自(zi)由離(li)子，單靠這些自(zi)由離(li)子是不可(ke)(ke)能(neng)使(shi)含(han)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)空(kong)氣中的(de)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)粒充分(fen)(fen)荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)。因(yin)此(ci)，要利用(yong)靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)使(shi)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)分(fen)(fen)離(li)須具備兩(liang)個(ge)基本(ben)條件，一是存在使(shi)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)；二是存在使(shi)荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)顆粒分(fen)(fen)離(li)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)。一般(ban)的(de)靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)采(cai)用(yong)荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)和分(fen)(fen)離(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)合一的(de)方法，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)的(de)金屬棒(bang)接高壓直(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)負極(ji)(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)(chen)極(ji)(ji)接地為正極(ji)(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)(chen)極(ji)(ji)可(ke)(ke)以采(cai)用(yong)圓管(guan)，也可(ke)(ke)以采(cai)用(yong)平板。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電(dian)壓升高到(dao)數(shu)值后，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)附近的離(li)子(zi)獲得(de)了(le)較高(gao)的能量和速度，它們撞(zhuang)擊空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)中(zhong)的中(zhong)性原(yuan)(yuan)子(zi)時，中(zhong)性原(yuan)(yuan)子(zi)會分(fen)解(jie)成(cheng)正、負離(li)子(zi)，這(zhe)種現象(xiang)稱為空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)。空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)后，由于聯鎖反應(ying)，在(zai)極(ji)間運(yun)動(dong)的離(li)子(zi)數(shu)大大增加，表現為極(ji)間的電(dian)(dian)(dian)流急(ji)劇(ju)增加，空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)成(cheng)了(le)導(dao)體。放電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)周(zhou)(zhou)圍的空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)全部(bu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)后，在(zai)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)周(zhou)(zhou)圍可以(yi)看見一圈淡藍色的光(guang)環，這(zhe)個(ge)光(guang)環稱為電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵器的電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)范圍通常局限于金屬棒周(zhou)(zhou)圍幾毫(hao)米(mi)處。

空氣在電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)范圍(wei)電(dian)(dian)離后(hou)，正(zheng)離子(zi)很(hen)快向(xiang)負極移動(dong)，只(zhi)有負離子(zi)才會(hui)進入電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)外區，向(xiang)陽極移動(dong)。含(han)塵(chen)空氣通(tong)過電(dian)(dian)除塵(chen)器(qi)時(shi)，由于電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)區的(de)范圍(wei)很(hen)小，只(zhi)有少(shao)量的(de)塵(chen)粒(li)在電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)區通(tong)過，獲(huo)得(de)正(zheng)電(dian)(dian)荷，沉(chen)積在電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)極上(shang)。

大(da)多(duo)數塵粒在(zai)電(dian)暈外區(qu)通過，獲得(de)負(fu)電(dian)荷，沉積(ji)在(zai)陽極板上，當塵埃聚集(ji)到程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。