玉樹濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比(bi)電阻(zu)過(guo)低(di)，塵(chen)(chen)粒難以保持在集塵(chen)(chen)電極(ji)上，致使其重(zhong)返氣流(liu)。比(bi)電阻(zu)過(guo)高(gao)，到(dao)達集塵(chen)(chen)電極(ji)的塵(chen)(chen)粒電荷不易(yi)放出，在塵(chen)(chen)層之間形成電壓梯(ti)度會產(chan)生局(ju)部(bu)擊穿和放電現象。

這些情況都會造(zao)成除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)效率下(xia)降。工作原理/靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器用(yong)(yong)強電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)使灰塵(chen)(chen)(chen)顆(ke)粒(li)帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),在(zai)(zai)其通過除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極時,帶(dai)正/負(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)的(de)(de)(de)微(wei)粒(li)分(fen)別(bie)被負(fu)(fu)/正電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極板(ban)吸附(fu),即(ji)達到除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)目的(de)(de)(de).由于輻射摩擦等原因，空氣中(zhong)(zhong)含(han)有少量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)自由離(li)(li)子(zi)，單靠(kao)這些自由離(li)(li)子(zi)是不可(ke)能使含(han)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)空氣中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)粒(li)充分(fen)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)。因此，要利用(yong)(yong)靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)分(fen)離(li)(li)須具備兩個(ge)基本條件，一是存在(zai)(zai)使粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)；二是存在(zai)(zai)使荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)顆(ke)粒(li)分(fen)離(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)。一般的(de)(de)(de)靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器采用(yong)(yong)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)和分(fen)離(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)合一的(de)(de)(de)方法，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極的(de)(de)(de)金屬棒(bang)接高壓直(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)(de)(de)負(fu)(fu)極，集塵(chen)(chen)(chen)極接地為正極，集塵(chen)(chen)(chen)極可(ke)以(yi)采用(yong)(yong)圓管，也可(ke)以(yi)采用(yong)(yong)平板(ban)。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電(dian)壓升高到(dao)數值后(hou)，放(fang)(fang)電(dian)極附近(jin)的(de)離(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)獲得了較(jiao)高的(de)能量和速度，它們撞擊空氣中(zhong)的(de)中(zhong)性原(yuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)時，中(zhong)性原(yuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)會(hui)分解成正、負(fu)離(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)，這種現象(xiang)稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)空氣電(dian)離(li)(li)。空氣電(dian)離(li)(li)后(hou)，由于聯鎖反應，在極間(jian)運動的(de)離(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)數大大增(zeng)加(jia)，表現為(wei)(wei)極間(jian)的(de)電(dian)流急劇(ju)增(zeng)加(jia)，空氣成了導體。放(fang)(fang)電(dian)極周(zhou)圍的(de)空氣全部電(dian)離(li)(li)后(hou)，在放(fang)(fang)電(dian)極周(zhou)圍可以看見一圈(quan)淡藍色的(de)光環(huan)，這個光環(huan)稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)電(dian)暈(yun)。電(dian)除塵器(qi)的(de)電(dian)暈(yun)范圍通常局(ju)限于金(jin)屬(shu)棒周(zhou)圍幾毫米處。

空氣在電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)范圍電(dian)(dian)離(li)后，正(zheng)離(li)子很(hen)快向(xiang)負(fu)極移(yi)動(dong)，只有負(fu)離(li)子才(cai)會進入電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)外(wai)區，向(xiang)陽極移(yi)動(dong)。含(han)塵空氣通過電(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵器時，由(you)于電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)區的(de)(de)范圍很(hen)小，只有少量的(de)(de)塵粒在電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)區通過，獲得(de)正(zheng)電(dian)(dian)荷，沉積在電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)極上。

大(da)多數塵粒在電暈(yun)外區(qu)通過(guo)，獲得負電荷，沉積在陽(yang)極(ji)板上，當塵埃(ai)聚集(ji)到程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。