宜春濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比(bi)電(dian)阻過低，塵(chen)(chen)粒難以保持在集塵(chen)(chen)電(dian)極上，致使其(qi)重返氣(qi)流。比(bi)電(dian)阻過高，到達集塵(chen)(chen)電(dian)極的塵(chen)(chen)粒電(dian)荷不(bu)易放出，在塵(chen)(chen)層之間形(xing)成電(dian)壓梯度會產生局部擊穿和放電(dian)現象。

這(zhe)些(xie)情況都會造成(cheng)除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)效率下降。工作原理/靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)用(yong)(yong)強電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)使(shi)(shi)(shi)灰塵(chen)(chen)(chen)顆(ke)粒帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),在(zai)其通過除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)時,帶正/負(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)的(de)(de)微粒分(fen)別被(bei)負(fu)/正電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)板(ban)吸(xi)附,即(ji)達到除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)目的(de)(de).由(you)于輻射摩擦等原因(yin)，空氣(qi)中(zhong)含有少量(liang)的(de)(de)自由(you)離(li)(li)子，單靠這(zhe)些(xie)自由(you)離(li)(li)子是(shi)不可(ke)能(neng)使(shi)(shi)(shi)含塵(chen)(chen)(chen)空氣(qi)中(zhong)的(de)(de)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)粒充分(fen)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)。因(yin)此，要利(li)用(yong)(yong)靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使(shi)(shi)(shi)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)分(fen)離(li)(li)須具備兩個基本條件，一(yi)是(shi)存在(zai)使(shi)(shi)(shi)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)；二(er)是(shi)存在(zai)使(shi)(shi)(shi)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)顆(ke)粒分(fen)離(li)(li)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)。一(yi)般的(de)(de)靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)和分(fen)離(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)合一(yi)的(de)(de)方(fang)法，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)的(de)(de)金(jin)屬棒接(jie)高壓直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)(de)負(fu)極(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)(chen)極(ji)接(jie)地為(wei)正極(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)(chen)極(ji)可(ke)以采(cai)用(yong)(yong)圓管，也可(ke)以采(cai)用(yong)(yong)平板(ban)。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電壓升高(gao)到數(shu)值后(hou)，放電(dian)(dian)極(ji)附(fu)近(jin)的(de)(de)離(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)獲得了較(jiao)高的(de)(de)能量和速度，它們撞擊(ji)空(kong)(kong)氣中的(de)(de)中性原子(zi)(zi)時(shi)，中性原子(zi)(zi)會分解成正、負離(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)，這(zhe)種現(xian)象(xiang)稱為空(kong)(kong)氣電(dian)(dian)離(li)(li)。空(kong)(kong)氣電(dian)(dian)離(li)(li)后(hou)，由于(yu)聯(lian)鎖反應，在(zai)極(ji)間運(yun)動的(de)(de)離(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)數(shu)大(da)大(da)增加，表(biao)現(xian)為極(ji)間的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)流急(ji)劇(ju)增加，空(kong)(kong)氣成了導體。放電(dian)(dian)極(ji)周圍的(de)(de)空(kong)(kong)氣全部(bu)電(dian)(dian)離(li)(li)后(hou)，在(zai)放電(dian)(dian)極(ji)周圍可以看(kan)見一圈淡(dan)藍(lan)色的(de)(de)光環(huan)，這(zhe)個光環(huan)稱為電(dian)(dian)暈。電(dian)(dian)除塵器的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)暈范圍通常局(ju)限于(yu)金屬棒(bang)周圍幾毫米處(chu)。

空氣在電(dian)暈(yun)范(fan)(fan)圍電(dian)離(li)后(hou)，正離(li)子(zi)很快向(xiang)負極移(yi)動(dong)，只有負離(li)子(zi)才會進入電(dian)暈(yun)外區(qu)(qu)，向(xiang)陽(yang)極移(yi)動(dong)。含塵空氣通過(guo)電(dian)除塵器時，由(you)于電(dian)暈(yun)區(qu)(qu)的(de)范(fan)(fan)圍很小，只有少量的(de)塵粒在電(dian)暈(yun)區(qu)(qu)通過(guo)，獲得正電(dian)荷，沉(chen)積在電(dian)暈(yun)極上。

大多數塵粒在電暈外區通過(guo)，獲得負電荷，沉積在陽極板(ban)上，當塵埃聚(ju)集(ji)到(dao)程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。