揚州濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)過(guo)低，塵粒(li)難以保持在集塵電(dian)(dian)極上，致使其重返(fan)氣(qi)流。比電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)過(guo)高(gao)，到達集塵電(dian)(dian)極的塵粒(li)電(dian)(dian)荷不易(yi)放出，在塵層之間(jian)形成電(dian)(dian)壓梯度會(hui)產生局部(bu)擊穿和放電(dian)(dian)現象。

這(zhe)些情況都會造成除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)效率下(xia)降(jiang)。工(gong)作原(yuan)理/靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器用強電(dian)(dian)(dian)場使(shi)灰(hui)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)顆粒帶(dai)(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian),在(zai)其通(tong)過除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)時,帶(dai)(dai)正/負(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)的(de)微粒分(fen)別(bie)被負(fu)/正電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)板吸(xi)附,即達到除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)目的(de).由于輻(fu)射摩擦等原(yuan)因，空(kong)氣中(zhong)含(han)有少量(liang)的(de)自由離子，單靠(kao)這(zhe)些自由離子是不可(ke)能使(shi)含(han)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)空(kong)氣中(zhong)的(de)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)粒充(chong)分(fen)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)。因此，要(yao)利用靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)使(shi)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)分(fen)離須具備兩個基(ji)本條件，一是存(cun)在(zai)使(shi)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場；二是存(cun)在(zai)使(shi)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)顆粒分(fen)離的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場。一般的(de)靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器采(cai)用荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場和分(fen)離電(dian)(dian)(dian)場合一的(de)方法，放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)的(de)金屬棒接(jie)高壓直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)負(fu)極(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)極(ji)接(jie)地為正極(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)極(ji)可(ke)以(yi)采(cai)用圓管(guan)，也(ye)可(ke)以(yi)采(cai)用平板。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電壓(ya)升高到數值(zhi)后，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)極附近的(de)(de)離(li)子獲得了較高的(de)(de)能量和速度，它們撞擊空氣(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)性原(yuan)子時，中(zhong)(zhong)性原(yuan)子會分(fen)解成(cheng)正、負離(li)子，這種現象(xiang)稱為空氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)。空氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)后，由于聯鎖反應，在極間(jian)運動的(de)(de)離(li)子數大大增加，表現為極間(jian)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)急(ji)劇增加，空氣(qi)成(cheng)了導(dao)體。放電(dian)(dian)(dian)極周圍的(de)(de)空氣(qi)全部電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)后，在放電(dian)(dian)(dian)極周圍可以看(kan)見一(yi)圈淡藍(lan)色的(de)(de)光環，這個光環稱為電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵器的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)范圍通常局限(xian)于金屬(shu)棒周圍幾毫米處。

空氣在(zai)電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)范(fan)圍電(dian)(dian)離后，正離子很快向(xiang)負極(ji)(ji)移(yi)動，只(zhi)有負離子才會進(jin)入電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)外區(qu)，向(xiang)陽極(ji)(ji)移(yi)動。含塵空氣通(tong)過電(dian)(dian)除塵器時，由于電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)區(qu)的范(fan)圍很小，只(zhi)有少量(liang)的塵粒在(zai)電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)區(qu)通(tong)過，獲得(de)正電(dian)(dian)荷，沉積在(zai)電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)極(ji)(ji)上。

大多數塵粒(li)在電暈外區通過，獲得負(fu)電荷，沉(chen)積在陽極板上(shang)，當塵埃聚集到(dao)程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。