延邊濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比電(dian)阻過(guo)低(di)，塵(chen)粒難以保(bao)持在(zai)集(ji)塵(chen)電(dian)極上，致(zhi)使其重返氣流。比電(dian)阻過(guo)高(gao)，到達集(ji)塵(chen)電(dian)極的(de)塵(chen)粒電(dian)荷不易(yi)放出，在(zai)塵(chen)層之(zhi)間形成電(dian)壓梯度會產(chan)生局(ju)部擊(ji)穿和放電(dian)現(xian)象(xiang)。

這些情況都會造成(cheng)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)效(xiao)率(lv)下降。工作原理(li)/靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器用(yong)(yong)(yong)強電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)使灰塵(chen)(chen)(chen)顆(ke)粒帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),在(zai)(zai)其通過除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極時,帶(dai)正/負(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷的(de)微粒分別被負(fu)/正電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極板吸附,即達到除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)目的(de).由于輻射摩擦等原因(yin)(yin)，空氣中含(han)有少(shao)量的(de)自(zi)(zi)由離(li)子(zi)，單靠(kao)這些自(zi)(zi)由離(li)子(zi)是(shi)(shi)不可能使含(han)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)空氣中的(de)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)粒充分荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)。因(yin)(yin)此，要利用(yong)(yong)(yong)靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)分離(li)須具備兩個基本條件，一(yi)(yi)是(shi)(shi)存在(zai)(zai)使粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)；二是(shi)(shi)存在(zai)(zai)使荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)顆(ke)粒分離(li)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)。一(yi)(yi)般的(de)靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器采用(yong)(yong)(yong)荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)和(he)分離(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)合一(yi)(yi)的(de)方法，放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極的(de)金屬棒接(jie)高壓直(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)負(fu)極，集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)極接(jie)地(di)為正極，集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)極可以采用(yong)(yong)(yong)圓管，也可以采用(yong)(yong)(yong)平(ping)板。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電壓升高(gao)到數(shu)值(zhi)后(hou)，放電(dian)(dian)極附近的(de)(de)離子(zi)(zi)獲得了(le)較高的(de)(de)能量和速度，它們撞擊空氣(qi)(qi)中的(de)(de)中性原子(zi)(zi)時，中性原子(zi)(zi)會分(fen)解成正(zheng)、負離子(zi)(zi)，這(zhe)種現象(xiang)稱為空氣(qi)(qi)電(dian)(dian)離。空氣(qi)(qi)電(dian)(dian)離后(hou)，由于聯鎖反應，在(zai)極間(jian)運動的(de)(de)離子(zi)(zi)數(shu)大大增加，表現為極間(jian)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)急劇增加，空氣(qi)(qi)成了(le)導體。放電(dian)(dian)極周(zhou)圍的(de)(de)空氣(qi)(qi)全部電(dian)(dian)離后(hou)，在(zai)放電(dian)(dian)極周(zhou)圍可以看(kan)見一圈(quan)淡藍色(se)的(de)(de)光(guang)環(huan)，這(zhe)個光(guang)環(huan)稱為電(dian)(dian)暈。電(dian)(dian)除塵(chen)器的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)暈范圍通常(chang)局限于金屬棒周(zhou)圍幾毫(hao)米處。

空氣(qi)在電(dian)(dian)暈范(fan)圍(wei)(wei)電(dian)(dian)離后，正離子很快向負極移動(dong)，只有負離子才會(hui)進入電(dian)(dian)暈外區(qu)，向陽極移動(dong)。含塵空氣(qi)通過(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵器時(shi)，由于電(dian)(dian)暈區(qu)的范(fan)圍(wei)(wei)很小，只有少(shao)量的塵粒在電(dian)(dian)暈區(qu)通過(guo)(guo)，獲得正電(dian)(dian)荷，沉(chen)積在電(dian)(dian)暈極上。

大多數塵(chen)粒在電暈外區通過，獲得(de)負電荷，沉積(ji)在陽極板上，當塵埃聚(ju)集到程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。