延安濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)過低，塵粒難以(yi)保持在集(ji)塵電(dian)(dian)(dian)極上，致使(shi)其重返(fan)氣(qi)流。比電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)過高，到達集(ji)塵電(dian)(dian)(dian)極的塵粒電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)不(bu)易放(fang)出，在塵層(ceng)之間形成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓梯度會產生局部擊穿和放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)現象。

這些情況都會造(zao)成除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)效率下降(jiang)。工作原(yuan)理(li)/靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器用(yong)強電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)使(shi)(shi)灰塵(chen)(chen)(chen)顆粒帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),在(zai)(zai)其通過除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)時,帶(dai)正/負電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷的(de)(de)微粒分別被負/正電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)板吸附,即達到除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)目的(de)(de).由(you)于輻射(she)摩擦(ca)等原(yuan)因，空氣(qi)中含有少量的(de)(de)自由(you)離(li)子，單靠這些自由(you)離(li)子是(shi)不可能(neng)使(shi)(shi)含塵(chen)(chen)(chen)空氣(qi)中的(de)(de)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)粒充分荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)。因此，要利(li)用(yong)靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使(shi)(shi)粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)分離(li)須具備(bei)兩個基(ji)本條件(jian)，一(yi)是(shi)存在(zai)(zai)使(shi)(shi)粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)；二是(shi)存在(zai)(zai)使(shi)(shi)荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)顆粒分離(li)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)。一(yi)般(ban)的(de)(de)靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器采用(yong)荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)和分離(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)合一(yi)的(de)(de)方(fang)法(fa)，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)金屬棒接高壓直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)(de)負極(ji)(ji)，集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)極(ji)(ji)接地為(wei)正極(ji)(ji)，集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)極(ji)(ji)可以采用(yong)圓管，也可以采用(yong)平(ping)板。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電壓升高(gao)到數(shu)值后，放電(dian)(dian)極附近的(de)離(li)子(zi)(zi)獲得了較高(gao)的(de)能量和速度，它們撞擊空氣中的(de)中性(xing)原(yuan)子(zi)(zi)時，中性(xing)原(yuan)子(zi)(zi)會分(fen)解成(cheng)正、負離(li)子(zi)(zi)，這(zhe)種現(xian)象(xiang)稱(cheng)為空氣電(dian)(dian)離(li)。空氣電(dian)(dian)離(li)后，由(you)于聯鎖反應，在極間運動的(de)離(li)子(zi)(zi)數(shu)大大增加，表現(xian)為極間的(de)電(dian)(dian)流急劇增加，空氣成(cheng)了導體。放電(dian)(dian)極周(zhou)圍的(de)空氣全部電(dian)(dian)離(li)后，在放電(dian)(dian)極周(zhou)圍可以看見(jian)一圈淡(dan)藍色的(de)光環，這(zhe)個光環稱(cheng)為電(dian)(dian)暈。電(dian)(dian)除塵(chen)器的(de)電(dian)(dian)暈范圍通常局限于金(jin)屬棒(bang)周(zhou)圍幾(ji)毫(hao)米處。

空氣(qi)(qi)在(zai)電(dian)暈(yun)范圍電(dian)離后，正(zheng)離子(zi)很(hen)快向負極(ji)移動，只(zhi)有負離子(zi)才會進入電(dian)暈(yun)外區，向陽極(ji)移動。含(han)塵空氣(qi)(qi)通(tong)過電(dian)除塵器(qi)時，由于(yu)電(dian)暈(yun)區的范圍很(hen)小，只(zhi)有少量的塵粒(li)在(zai)電(dian)暈(yun)區通(tong)過，獲(huo)得正(zheng)電(dian)荷(he)，沉積在(zai)電(dian)暈(yun)極(ji)上。

大多數(shu)塵粒(li)在電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)外(wai)區通過，獲得負(fu)電(dian)(dian)荷，沉積在陽極板上，當塵(chen)埃聚(ju)集到(dao)程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。