新鄉濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比電阻過(guo)(guo)低，塵粒(li)難以保持在集(ji)塵電極上，致使其重返氣(qi)流。比電阻過(guo)(guo)高，到達集(ji)塵電極的塵粒(li)電荷(he)不易放出，在塵層之(zhi)間形成電壓梯度會產生(sheng)局部擊穿和放電現象。

這(zhe)些情況(kuang)都會造成除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)效率下降。工作原(yuan)理/靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)用(yong)(yong)強電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場使(shi)灰塵(chen)(chen)顆粒(li)(li)帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),在(zai)其(qi)通過除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)時,帶正/負電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)微粒(li)(li)分(fen)別被負/正電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)板吸附,即(ji)達到除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de).由于輻射(she)摩擦(ca)等原(yuan)因，空氣(qi)中含(han)有(you)少量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自由離(li)(li)子，單靠這(zhe)些自由離(li)(li)子是(shi)不可(ke)(ke)能使(shi)含(han)塵(chen)(chen)空氣(qi)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)塵(chen)(chen)粒(li)(li)充(chong)分(fen)荷(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。因此，要利(li)用(yong)(yong)靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使(shi)粉塵(chen)(chen)分(fen)離(li)(li)須具備兩個基本條件，一是(shi)存(cun)在(zai)使(shi)粉塵(chen)(chen)荷(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場；二是(shi)存(cun)在(zai)使(shi)荷(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉塵(chen)(chen)顆粒(li)(li)分(fen)離(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場。一般的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)荷(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場和分(fen)離(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場合(he)一的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方法，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)金屬棒接高壓直(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)負極(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)極(ji)接地為正極(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)極(ji)可(ke)(ke)以采(cai)用(yong)(yong)圓(yuan)管(guan)，也可(ke)(ke)以采(cai)用(yong)(yong)平板。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電壓升高到(dao)數值后(hou)(hou)，放(fang)電(dian)(dian)極附近的(de)(de)離子(zi)獲得了較高的(de)(de)能(neng)量和(he)速度，它們撞擊空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)中的(de)(de)中性(xing)原子(zi)時(shi)，中性(xing)原子(zi)會分解成(cheng)正、負離子(zi)，這(zhe)種現象稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)電(dian)(dian)離。空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)電(dian)(dian)離后(hou)(hou)，由于(yu)聯鎖反(fan)應，在(zai)極間運動的(de)(de)離子(zi)數大大增(zeng)加，表現為(wei)(wei)極間的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)急劇增(zeng)加，空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)成(cheng)了導體(ti)。放(fang)電(dian)(dian)極周(zhou)圍的(de)(de)空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)全部電(dian)(dian)離后(hou)(hou)，在(zai)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)極周(zhou)圍可以看見一圈淡藍色的(de)(de)光環，這(zhe)個光環稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)電(dian)(dian)暈。電(dian)(dian)除塵(chen)器的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)暈范(fan)圍通(tong)常(chang)局限于(yu)金屬棒(bang)周(zhou)圍幾毫米處。

空氣在(zai)電暈(yun)范圍電離后，正離子(zi)很(hen)快向負極(ji)移動(dong)(dong)，只有負離子(zi)才(cai)會(hui)進入電暈(yun)外區(qu)，向陽極(ji)移動(dong)(dong)。含塵空氣通過(guo)電除(chu)塵器時，由于(yu)電暈(yun)區(qu)的范圍很(hen)小，只有少(shao)量的塵粒在(zai)電暈(yun)區(qu)通過(guo)，獲得正電荷(he)，沉積在(zai)電暈(yun)極(ji)上。

大多數塵(chen)粒在(zai)電暈外區(qu)通過，獲(huo)得負電荷，沉積(ji)在陽極板上，當塵埃聚集到程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。