新疆濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比電(dian)(dian)阻過(guo)低(di)，塵(chen)(chen)(chen)粒難(nan)以保持在(zai)(zai)集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)極上，致使其(qi)重(zhong)返氣流。比電(dian)(dian)阻過(guo)高，到達集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)極的塵(chen)(chen)(chen)粒電(dian)(dian)荷不易(yi)放出(chu)，在(zai)(zai)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)層之間形成電(dian)(dian)壓梯度會產生局部擊穿和放電(dian)(dian)現(xian)象。

這些情況都會造成(cheng)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)效率(lv)下降。工作原理/靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)用強電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場使灰塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)顆(ke)粒(li)帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),在其通過除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)時,帶(dai)正/負電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷的(de)(de)微粒(li)分(fen)別被(bei)負/正電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)板吸附,即達(da)到(dao)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)目(mu)的(de)(de).由(you)(you)于輻射摩擦等原因(yin)，空氣中含有少量(liang)的(de)(de)自(zi)由(you)(you)離(li)子，單靠(kao)這些自(zi)由(you)(you)離(li)子是不可(ke)能(neng)使含塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)空氣中的(de)(de)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)粒(li)充分(fen)荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)。因(yin)此，要利用靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)分(fen)離(li)須(xu)具備兩個基(ji)本(ben)條件，一(yi)是存在使粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場；二是存在使荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)顆(ke)粒(li)分(fen)離(li)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場。一(yi)般的(de)(de)靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)采用荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場和分(fen)離(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場合一(yi)的(de)(de)方法，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)金(jin)屬棒接高壓直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)的(de)(de)負極(ji)(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)極(ji)(ji)接地為(wei)正極(ji)(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)極(ji)(ji)可(ke)以(yi)采用圓管，也可(ke)以(yi)采用平板。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電(dian)壓升高到數值后，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)附近的(de)離(li)(li)子獲得了(le)較高的(de)能量(liang)和(he)速度，它們撞(zhuang)擊空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)中(zhong)的(de)中(zhong)性(xing)原子時，中(zhong)性(xing)原子會分解成正(zheng)、負離(li)(li)子，這(zhe)種(zhong)現(xian)(xian)象稱(cheng)為(wei)空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)(li)。空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)(li)后，由于聯(lian)鎖反應，在極(ji)(ji)間運動的(de)離(li)(li)子數大(da)大(da)增(zeng)加，表現(xian)(xian)為(wei)極(ji)(ji)間的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流急劇增(zeng)加，空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)成了(le)導體。放電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)周圍的(de)空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)全部電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)(li)后，在放電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)周圍可以(yi)看見一圈淡藍(lan)色的(de)光環，這(zhe)個光環稱(cheng)為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈。電(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵(chen)器的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈范圍通常局限于金屬棒(bang)周圍幾毫(hao)米處。

空(kong)氣(qi)在(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)范圍(wei)電(dian)(dian)離(li)后，正(zheng)離(li)子很快向(xiang)負極移動，只有負離(li)子才會進入電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)外區(qu)，向(xiang)陽極移動。含塵空(kong)氣(qi)通過電(dian)(dian)除塵器(qi)時，由于電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)區(qu)的范圍(wei)很小(xiao)，只有少(shao)量的塵粒在(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)區(qu)通過，獲得正(zheng)電(dian)(dian)荷，沉積在(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)極上。

大(da)多數塵(chen)粒在電暈外區通過，獲得負電荷，沉積在(zai)陽極板上，當(dang)塵埃聚集(ji)到程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。