興安盟濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻過低，塵(chen)粒(li)難以保持在集塵(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極上，致(zhi)使其重返(fan)氣流(liu)。比電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻過高(gao)，到達集塵(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極的塵(chen)粒(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷不易放出，在塵(chen)層之間形(xing)成電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓梯度會產生局(ju)部擊(ji)穿(chuan)和放電(dian)(dian)(dian)現象(xiang)。

這些情況都會造成除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)效(xiao)率(lv)下降(jiang)。工(gong)作原(yuan)理/靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器用強電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場使灰塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)顆粒帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),在(zai)其通過除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)時,帶(dai)正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)/負電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)的微(wei)粒分(fen)別被負/正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)板(ban)吸附(fu),即達到除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)目(mu)的.由于輻射摩擦等原(yuan)因，空氣(qi)中(zhong)含有少量的自由離(li)子，單靠這些自由離(li)子是不可(ke)能使含塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)空氣(qi)中(zhong)的塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)粒充分(fen)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的。因此，要(yao)利用靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)分(fen)離(li)須具備兩個(ge)基(ji)本條件，一是存在(zai)使粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場；二是存在(zai)使荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)顆粒分(fen)離(li)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場。一般(ban)的靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器采(cai)用荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場和分(fen)離(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場合一的方法，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)的金屬棒(bang)接高壓(ya)直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的負極(ji)(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)極(ji)(ji)接地為正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)極(ji)(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)極(ji)(ji)可(ke)以(yi)采(cai)用圓管，也可(ke)以(yi)采(cai)用平板(ban)。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電壓升(sheng)高到數值后(hou)(hou)，放電(dian)(dian)極(ji)附近(jin)的(de)(de)離(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)獲(huo)得了(le)較高的(de)(de)能(neng)量和(he)速度，它們(men)撞擊(ji)空(kong)氣(qi)中(zhong)的(de)(de)中(zhong)性原子(zi)(zi)時(shi)，中(zhong)性原子(zi)(zi)會分(fen)解成正、負離(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)，這(zhe)種現(xian)象稱(cheng)為空(kong)氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)離(li)(li)。空(kong)氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)離(li)(li)后(hou)(hou)，由于(yu)聯鎖反應，在極(ji)間運動的(de)(de)離(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)數大大增(zeng)加，表現(xian)為極(ji)間的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)流急(ji)劇增(zeng)加，空(kong)氣(qi)成了(le)導體。放電(dian)(dian)極(ji)周(zhou)圍(wei)的(de)(de)空(kong)氣(qi)全部電(dian)(dian)離(li)(li)后(hou)(hou)，在放電(dian)(dian)極(ji)周(zhou)圍(wei)可以看(kan)見一圈淡藍色的(de)(de)光環，這(zhe)個光環稱(cheng)為電(dian)(dian)暈。電(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵器的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)暈范圍(wei)通(tong)常局限于(yu)金屬棒周(zhou)圍(wei)幾毫(hao)米處。

空(kong)氣(qi)在電(dian)暈范圍電(dian)離后，正(zheng)離子很(hen)快向(xiang)負極移動(dong)，只(zhi)(zhi)有(you)負離子才會進入(ru)電(dian)暈外(wai)區，向(xiang)陽極移動(dong)。含塵空(kong)氣(qi)通(tong)過(guo)電(dian)除塵器時，由于電(dian)暈區的范圍很(hen)小，只(zhi)(zhi)有(you)少量的塵粒在電(dian)暈區通(tong)過(guo)，獲(huo)得(de)正(zheng)電(dian)荷，沉積在電(dian)暈極上。

大多數塵粒在電(dian)暈外區通過，獲得負電(dian)荷，沉積在陽極(ji)板上，當塵埃聚(ju)集到程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。