錫林郭勒盟濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比電(dian)(dian)阻過(guo)低，塵(chen)粒難以保持在集塵(chen)電(dian)(dian)極上(shang)，致使(shi)其重返(fan)氣流。比電(dian)(dian)阻過(guo)高，到(dao)達(da)集塵(chen)電(dian)(dian)極的塵(chen)粒電(dian)(dian)荷不易放出，在塵(chen)層之間形成電(dian)(dian)壓梯(ti)度會產生(sheng)局部擊穿和放電(dian)(dian)現象。

這些情況都會造成除塵(chen)(chen)效率下降。工作原理/靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵(chen)(chen)器用(yong)強電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)使(shi)灰塵(chen)(chen)顆粒(li)(li)帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),在(zai)其通過(guo)除塵(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)時,帶正(zheng)/負電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷的(de)微(wei)(wei)粒(li)(li)分別被(bei)負/正(zheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)板(ban)吸附,即達到除塵(chen)(chen)目的(de).由于輻射摩擦等原因(yin)，空(kong)氣中(zhong)含有(you)少量的(de)自(zi)由離子(zi)，單靠這些自(zi)由離子(zi)是不可(ke)(ke)能使(shi)含塵(chen)(chen)空(kong)氣中(zhong)的(de)塵(chen)(chen)粒(li)(li)充分荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)。因(yin)此，要利用(yong)靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使(shi)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)分離須具(ju)備兩(liang)個基本條(tiao)件(jian)，一是存在(zai)使(shi)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)；二(er)是存在(zai)使(shi)荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)顆粒(li)(li)分離的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)。一般(ban)的(de)靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵(chen)(chen)器采(cai)用(yong)荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)和分離電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)合(he)一的(de)方法，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)的(de)金屬棒(bang)接高(gao)壓直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)負極(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)極(ji)接地為(wei)正(zheng)極(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)極(ji)可(ke)(ke)以采(cai)用(yong)圓管，也(ye)可(ke)(ke)以采(cai)用(yong)平(ping)板(ban)。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電(dian)壓升高(gao)到數值后(hou)，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)附近的(de)(de)(de)離(li)子獲(huo)得了(le)較高的(de)(de)(de)能量和速度，它們(men)撞擊(ji)空氣(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)性原(yuan)子時(shi)，中(zhong)(zhong)性原(yuan)子會(hui)分(fen)解成(cheng)正(zheng)、負離(li)子，這(zhe)(zhe)種現(xian)(xian)象稱為(wei)空氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)。空氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)后(hou)，由(you)于聯鎖(suo)反(fan)應(ying)，在(zai)極(ji)間運動(dong)的(de)(de)(de)離(li)子數大(da)大(da)增(zeng)加，表(biao)現(xian)(xian)為(wei)極(ji)間的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流急劇增(zeng)加，空氣(qi)成(cheng)了(le)導體(ti)。放電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)周(zhou)圍的(de)(de)(de)空氣(qi)全(quan)部電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)后(hou)，在(zai)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)周(zhou)圍可以(yi)看見一圈淡藍色(se)的(de)(de)(de)光環(huan)，這(zhe)(zhe)個光環(huan)稱為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵器的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)范圍通(tong)常局限于金屬棒周(zhou)圍幾毫米處。

空氣(qi)在電(dian)(dian)暈范(fan)(fan)圍(wei)電(dian)(dian)離后，正離子(zi)很(hen)快(kuai)向負極(ji)移動，只有負離子(zi)才會進(jin)入電(dian)(dian)暈外區(qu)，向陽極(ji)移動。含塵空氣(qi)通過(guo)電(dian)(dian)除塵器時，由于電(dian)(dian)暈區(qu)的范(fan)(fan)圍(wei)很(hen)小，只有少(shao)量(liang)的塵粒在電(dian)(dian)暈區(qu)通過(guo)，獲(huo)得正電(dian)(dian)荷，沉積(ji)在電(dian)(dian)暈極(ji)上。

大多(duo)數塵粒在(zai)電暈外區通過(guo)，獲得(de)負電荷，沉積在陽極板上，當(dang)塵埃(ai)聚集(ji)到程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。