襄陽濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比(bi)(bi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻過低(di)，塵(chen)粒難以保持在集(ji)(ji)塵(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極上，致使其重(zhong)返氣流。比(bi)(bi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻過高，到達集(ji)(ji)塵(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極的塵(chen)粒電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)不(bu)易放(fang)出，在塵(chen)層之間(jian)形成電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓梯度會產生局(ju)部(bu)擊穿和放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)現(xian)象。

這(zhe)些情況都會造成除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)效(xiao)率(lv)下降。工作原理/靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器用(yong)(yong)強電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)使(shi)灰塵(chen)(chen)顆粒帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),在(zai)其通過(guo)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)時,帶正/負電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)(he)的(de)微(wei)粒分(fen)別被負/正電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)板吸附(fu),即達到除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)目(mu)的(de).由(you)于(yu)輻射摩擦等原因，空(kong)氣中含有少量的(de)自由(you)離子(zi)，單靠這(zhe)些自由(you)離子(zi)是(shi)不可(ke)能使(shi)含塵(chen)(chen)空(kong)氣中的(de)塵(chen)(chen)粒充分(fen)荷(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)。因此，要利用(yong)(yong)靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使(shi)粉塵(chen)(chen)分(fen)離須具備兩個基本條件，一是(shi)存(cun)在(zai)使(shi)粉塵(chen)(chen)荷(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)；二是(shi)存(cun)在(zai)使(shi)荷(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉塵(chen)(chen)顆粒分(fen)離的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)。一般的(de)靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器采(cai)用(yong)(yong)荷(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)和分(fen)離電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)合(he)一的(de)方法，放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)的(de)金屬棒接高壓直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)的(de)負極(ji)(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)極(ji)(ji)接地(di)為(wei)正極(ji)(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)極(ji)(ji)可(ke)以采(cai)用(yong)(yong)圓管，也可(ke)以采(cai)用(yong)(yong)平板。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電壓升高到數值后，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)附近的(de)(de)離(li)子(zi)獲得了(le)較高的(de)(de)能(neng)量和速度，它們撞(zhuang)擊(ji)空氣(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)性(xing)原(yuan)子(zi)時(shi)，中(zhong)(zhong)性(xing)原(yuan)子(zi)會分解成正、負離(li)子(zi)，這種現(xian)象(xiang)稱為(wei)(wei)空氣(qi)(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)。空氣(qi)(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)后，由于聯鎖(suo)反應，在(zai)極(ji)間運動的(de)(de)離(li)子(zi)數大大增(zeng)加，表現(xian)為(wei)(wei)極(ji)間的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流急劇增(zeng)加，空氣(qi)(qi)成了(le)導體。放電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)周(zhou)圍(wei)的(de)(de)空氣(qi)(qi)全部電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)后，在(zai)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)周(zhou)圍(wei)可以看(kan)見一圈(quan)淡藍(lan)色的(de)(de)光(guang)環，這個(ge)光(guang)環稱為(wei)(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈。電(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵器的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈范圍(wei)通常局限于金屬棒周(zhou)圍(wei)幾毫米處。

空氣(qi)在電(dian)(dian)暈范圍電(dian)(dian)離后，正離子很(hen)快向負極移(yi)動，只有負離子才會(hui)進入電(dian)(dian)暈外區(qu)，向陽極移(yi)動。含塵(chen)空氣(qi)通過(guo)電(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)器時，由(you)于電(dian)(dian)暈區(qu)的范圍很(hen)小，只有少量的塵(chen)粒在電(dian)(dian)暈區(qu)通過(guo)，獲得正電(dian)(dian)荷，沉(chen)積在電(dian)(dian)暈極上。

大多數塵粒在電暈外區(qu)通過，獲得負電荷，沉(chen)積在陽極板上(shang)，當塵埃聚集到程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。