烏魯木齊濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比電(dian)阻(zu)過低，塵(chen)粒難以保持在集塵(chen)電(dian)極上，致使(shi)其重返(fan)氣流。比電(dian)阻(zu)過高，到達集塵(chen)電(dian)極的塵(chen)粒電(dian)荷不(bu)易放(fang)出，在塵(chen)層之間(jian)形成電(dian)壓梯度(du)會產生局(ju)部(bu)擊(ji)穿和放(fang)電(dian)現(xian)象。

這些(xie)情況都會造成除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)效率下(xia)降。工作原(yuan)理/靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器用(yong)強電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)使灰塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)顆粒(li)(li)(li)帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),在其通過除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)時,帶正/負電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)(he)的(de)微粒(li)(li)(li)分(fen)別被負/正電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)板吸附,即達到除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)目的(de).由于輻射摩擦等(deng)原(yuan)因，空(kong)氣中含(han)有少量的(de)自由離(li)子，單(dan)靠這些(xie)自由離(li)子是(shi)(shi)不可能使含(han)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)空(kong)氣中的(de)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)粒(li)(li)(li)充分(fen)荷(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)。因此，要(yao)利用(yong)靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)分(fen)離(li)須具備(bei)兩個基本條件，一是(shi)(shi)存在使粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)荷(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)；二(er)是(shi)(shi)存在使荷(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)顆粒(li)(li)(li)分(fen)離(li)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)。一般的(de)靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器采(cai)用(yong)荷(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)和分(fen)離(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)合一的(de)方(fang)法，放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)的(de)金屬棒接高壓直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)負極(ji)(ji)，集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)極(ji)(ji)接地(di)為正極(ji)(ji)，集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)極(ji)(ji)可以采(cai)用(yong)圓管，也可以采(cai)用(yong)平板。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電(dian)壓升高(gao)到數(shu)值(zhi)后，放電(dian)(dian)極(ji)附近(jin)的(de)(de)離(li)(li)子(zi)獲得了較高的(de)(de)能量和(he)速度，它們撞擊空(kong)(kong)(kong)氣中的(de)(de)中性(xing)原(yuan)子(zi)時(shi)，中性(xing)原(yuan)子(zi)會(hui)分(fen)解成正、負離(li)(li)子(zi)，這(zhe)種現象稱(cheng)為(wei)空(kong)(kong)(kong)氣電(dian)(dian)離(li)(li)。空(kong)(kong)(kong)氣電(dian)(dian)離(li)(li)后，由(you)于聯鎖反應，在(zai)極(ji)間(jian)運(yun)動的(de)(de)離(li)(li)子(zi)數(shu)大大增(zeng)加，表(biao)現為(wei)極(ji)間(jian)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)流急劇(ju)增(zeng)加，空(kong)(kong)(kong)氣成了導體。放電(dian)(dian)極(ji)周圍(wei)的(de)(de)空(kong)(kong)(kong)氣全部電(dian)(dian)離(li)(li)后，在(zai)放電(dian)(dian)極(ji)周圍(wei)可以看見一圈淡藍色(se)的(de)(de)光環，這(zhe)個光環稱(cheng)為(wei)電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)。電(dian)(dian)除塵(chen)器的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)范圍(wei)通常局(ju)限于金屬棒周圍(wei)幾(ji)毫米處。

空氣在電(dian)(dian)暈范(fan)圍(wei)電(dian)(dian)離后，正離子很快向(xiang)(xiang)負(fu)極(ji)移動(dong)，只有負(fu)離子才會進(jin)入電(dian)(dian)暈外區，向(xiang)(xiang)陽極(ji)移動(dong)。含塵(chen)空氣通過(guo)電(dian)(dian)除塵(chen)器時，由于電(dian)(dian)暈區的(de)范(fan)圍(wei)很小，只有少量(liang)的(de)塵(chen)粒在電(dian)(dian)暈區通過(guo)，獲(huo)得正電(dian)(dian)荷(he)，沉積在電(dian)(dian)暈極(ji)上。

大多數塵(chen)粒在(zai)電暈外區通過，獲(huo)得負電荷，沉(chen)積(ji)在陽極板上(shang)，當塵(chen)埃聚(ju)集(ji)到(dao)程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。