文山濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比電(dian)阻過(guo)低(di)，塵(chen)粒難以保持(chi)在集塵(chen)電(dian)極(ji)上，致使其重返氣流(liu)。比電(dian)阻過(guo)高，到達集塵(chen)電(dian)極(ji)的塵(chen)粒電(dian)荷(he)不易放出，在塵(chen)層之(zhi)間形(xing)成(cheng)電(dian)壓梯度會產生局部擊穿(chuan)和(he)放電(dian)現象。

這(zhe)些情況都會造成除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)效率(lv)下(xia)降。工作原理/靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器用(yong)(yong)強電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)使灰(hui)塵(chen)(chen)顆粒(li)(li)帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),在(zai)(zai)(zai)其通(tong)過除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)時(shi),帶(dai)正(zheng)/負(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷的(de)(de)微粒(li)(li)分別被負(fu)(fu)/正(zheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)板吸附,即達到除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)目(mu)的(de)(de).由(you)(you)于輻射摩(mo)擦等原因，空(kong)氣(qi)中含(han)有少(shao)量的(de)(de)自由(you)(you)離子，單靠這(zhe)些自由(you)(you)離子是(shi)不可(ke)(ke)能使含(han)塵(chen)(chen)空(kong)氣(qi)中的(de)(de)塵(chen)(chen)粒(li)(li)充分荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)。因此，要(yao)利用(yong)(yong)靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)分離須具備兩個基本條件，一是(shi)存在(zai)(zai)(zai)使粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)；二是(shi)存在(zai)(zai)(zai)使荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)顆粒(li)(li)分離的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)。一般(ban)的(de)(de)靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器采(cai)用(yong)(yong)荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)和(he)分離電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)合一的(de)(de)方法，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)金屬棒接(jie)高(gao)壓直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)(de)負(fu)(fu)極(ji)(ji)，集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)極(ji)(ji)接(jie)地為正(zheng)極(ji)(ji)，集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)極(ji)(ji)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)圓管(guan)，也可(ke)(ke)以(yi)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)平板。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電(dian)壓升高到數值后(hou)，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)附近的(de)離(li)子(zi)獲得了較高的(de)能(neng)量和速度，它們撞擊空(kong)氣(qi)中(zhong)的(de)中(zhong)性原(yuan)子(zi)時，中(zhong)性原(yuan)子(zi)會分(fen)解(jie)成正、負離(li)子(zi)，這種現(xian)象(xiang)稱為空(kong)氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)。空(kong)氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)后(hou)，由于聯鎖反應，在極(ji)(ji)間(jian)運(yun)動的(de)離(li)子(zi)數大(da)大(da)增(zeng)加，表現(xian)為極(ji)(ji)間(jian)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流急劇增(zeng)加，空(kong)氣(qi)成了導體。放電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)周(zhou)圍(wei)的(de)空(kong)氣(qi)全(quan)部電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)后(hou)，在放電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)周(zhou)圍(wei)可以看見一圈淡藍色(se)的(de)光(guang)環，這個光(guang)環稱為電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈。電(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵器的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈范(fan)圍(wei)通常局限于金屬棒周(zhou)圍(wei)幾毫米處。

空氣(qi)在電(dian)暈范圍電(dian)離后，正(zheng)(zheng)離子(zi)很快向負(fu)極(ji)(ji)(ji)移動(dong)，只有(you)負(fu)離子(zi)才會進入電(dian)暈外區(qu)，向陽極(ji)(ji)(ji)移動(dong)。含塵空氣(qi)通過電(dian)除塵器(qi)時，由(you)于電(dian)暈區(qu)的(de)范圍很小，只有(you)少量(liang)的(de)塵粒(li)在電(dian)暈區(qu)通過，獲得正(zheng)(zheng)電(dian)荷，沉(chen)積在電(dian)暈極(ji)(ji)(ji)上(shang)。

大多(duo)數塵粒在電暈外區通過(guo)，獲(huo)得(de)負電荷，沉(chen)積在陽極板上，當塵埃聚集到程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。