文昌濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)過低，塵粒(li)難(nan)以保持在集(ji)塵電(dian)(dian)(dian)極上，致使(shi)其重返氣流。比電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)過高，到達集(ji)塵電(dian)(dian)(dian)極的(de)塵粒(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷不易放出，在塵層之間形成電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓梯度會產生局部擊穿(chuan)和(he)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)現象。

這些情況(kuang)都會造成(cheng)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)效率(lv)下降。工作原(yuan)理/靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)用(yong)(yong)強電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)使(shi)灰(hui)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)顆粒帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),在(zai)其通過除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極時,帶正/負(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)微粒分(fen)別被負(fu)/正電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極板吸附(fu),即達到(dao)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de).由于輻射(she)摩(mo)擦(ca)等原(yuan)因，空氣中含(han)有少量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自由離(li)子，單靠這些自由離(li)子是(shi)(shi)不可(ke)能使(shi)含(han)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)空氣中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)粒充分(fen)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。因此，要(yao)利用(yong)(yong)靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使(shi)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)分(fen)離(li)須(xu)具備兩(liang)個基本條件，一(yi)是(shi)(shi)存在(zai)使(shi)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)；二是(shi)(shi)存在(zai)使(shi)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)顆粒分(fen)離(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)。一(yi)般的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)采用(yong)(yong)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)和分(fen)離(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)合一(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方法，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)金屬棒(bang)接高壓直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)負(fu)極，集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)極接地(di)為正極，集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)極可(ke)以(yi)采用(yong)(yong)圓管，也可(ke)以(yi)采用(yong)(yong)平板。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電壓升高到(dao)數值后(hou)，放(fang)電(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)附近(jin)的(de)(de)離(li)(li)(li)子(zi)獲得(de)了(le)較高的(de)(de)能量和速度(du)，它們(men)撞擊空氣中的(de)(de)中性(xing)原子(zi)時，中性(xing)原子(zi)會分解成正、負離(li)(li)(li)子(zi)，這種現象稱為(wei)空氣電(dian)(dian)離(li)(li)(li)。空氣電(dian)(dian)離(li)(li)(li)后(hou)，由(you)于聯鎖反應，在(zai)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)間運(yun)動的(de)(de)離(li)(li)(li)子(zi)數大(da)大(da)增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)，表現為(wei)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)間的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)流急劇增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)，空氣成了(le)導體。放(fang)電(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)周(zhou)圍的(de)(de)空氣全部(bu)電(dian)(dian)離(li)(li)(li)后(hou)，在(zai)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)周(zhou)圍可以看見一(yi)圈淡藍色的(de)(de)光環，這個光環稱為(wei)電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)。電(dian)(dian)除塵器的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)范圍通常局限于金屬棒周(zhou)圍幾毫米處。

空氣在(zai)(zai)電(dian)暈范圍(wei)電(dian)離后，正(zheng)離子(zi)很快向(xiang)負極(ji)移動，只有(you)(you)負離子(zi)才會進入電(dian)暈外(wai)區(qu)，向(xiang)陽(yang)極(ji)移動。含塵(chen)空氣通過電(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)時，由于電(dian)暈區(qu)的范圍(wei)很小，只有(you)(you)少量的塵(chen)粒(li)在(zai)(zai)電(dian)暈區(qu)通過，獲得(de)正(zheng)電(dian)荷，沉積在(zai)(zai)電(dian)暈極(ji)上。

大多數塵粒(li)在電(dian)暈(yun)外區通過，獲得負(fu)電(dian)荷，沉積在陽極板(ban)上，當塵埃(ai)聚集到程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。