威海濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻過低，塵粒難以保持在(zai)集(ji)塵電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極上，致使其重返氣流。比電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻過高，到達集(ji)塵電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極的塵粒電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷不易放出(chu)，在(zai)塵層之間形成電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓梯(ti)度會產生局(ju)部擊穿和放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)現象(xiang)。

這(zhe)些情況(kuang)都會造成(cheng)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)效率下降(jiang)。工作原理/靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器用(yong)(yong)(yong)強電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)使灰(hui)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)顆粒(li)(li)(li)帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),在其通(tong)過除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)時(shi),帶(dai)正(zheng)/負(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷的(de)(de)微(wei)(wei)粒(li)(li)(li)分(fen)(fen)別被(bei)負(fu)/正(zheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)板吸附,即達(da)到除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)目的(de)(de).由(you)(you)于輻射摩(mo)擦等原因，空氣中(zhong)含有少量的(de)(de)自由(you)(you)離子(zi)，單(dan)靠這(zhe)些自由(you)(you)離子(zi)是不可能(neng)使含塵(chen)(chen)(chen)空氣中(zhong)的(de)(de)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)粒(li)(li)(li)充分(fen)(fen)荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)。因此，要利用(yong)(yong)(yong)靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)分(fen)(fen)離須具備兩個基本(ben)條(tiao)件，一是存在使粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)；二是存在使荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)顆粒(li)(li)(li)分(fen)(fen)離的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)。一般的(de)(de)靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器采用(yong)(yong)(yong)荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)和(he)分(fen)(fen)離電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)合一的(de)(de)方法(fa)，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)的(de)(de)金屬(shu)棒接高(gao)壓直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)的(de)(de)負(fu)極(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)(chen)極(ji)接地為正(zheng)極(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)(chen)極(ji)可以采用(yong)(yong)(yong)圓管(guan)，也可以采用(yong)(yong)(yong)平板。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電壓(ya)升高到數值后，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)附近的(de)離子(zi)獲得了(le)較高的(de)能量和速度(du)，它們(men)撞擊空(kong)氣中的(de)中性(xing)原子(zi)時，中性(xing)原子(zi)會(hui)分解成(cheng)正、負(fu)離子(zi)，這(zhe)種現象稱(cheng)為空(kong)氣電(dian)(dian)(dian)離。空(kong)氣電(dian)(dian)(dian)離后，由于聯鎖反應(ying)，在極(ji)(ji)間運動的(de)離子(zi)數大大增加，表現為極(ji)(ji)間的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流急(ji)劇增加，空(kong)氣成(cheng)了(le)導體。放電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)周圍(wei)(wei)(wei)的(de)空(kong)氣全部電(dian)(dian)(dian)離后，在放電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)周圍(wei)(wei)(wei)可以(yi)看(kan)見一(yi)圈(quan)淡(dan)藍色的(de)光環(huan)，這(zhe)個光環(huan)稱(cheng)為電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈。電(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵器(qi)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈范圍(wei)(wei)(wei)通常局限于金(jin)屬(shu)棒周圍(wei)(wei)(wei)幾(ji)毫(hao)米處(chu)。

空(kong)氣(qi)在(zai)電(dian)暈(yun)范圍電(dian)離后(hou)，正離子很(hen)快向(xiang)負極(ji)(ji)移(yi)動(dong)，只(zhi)有負離子才會進入電(dian)暈(yun)外區，向(xiang)陽極(ji)(ji)移(yi)動(dong)。含塵(chen)空(kong)氣(qi)通過(guo)電(dian)除塵(chen)器時，由于電(dian)暈(yun)區的范圍很(hen)小，只(zhi)有少(shao)量的塵(chen)粒在(zai)電(dian)暈(yun)區通過(guo)，獲得正電(dian)荷，沉積(ji)在(zai)電(dian)暈(yun)極(ji)(ji)上。

大多(duo)數(shu)塵(chen)粒在電(dian)暈外區(qu)通過，獲(huo)得負電(dian)荷，沉積在(zai)陽極板上，當塵埃聚(ju)集到程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。