萬寧濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比電(dian)(dian)阻過低，塵(chen)粒(li)難以保(bao)持(chi)在集塵(chen)電(dian)(dian)極上，致(zhi)使其(qi)重返氣(qi)流。比電(dian)(dian)阻過高，到達集塵(chen)電(dian)(dian)極的(de)塵(chen)粒(li)電(dian)(dian)荷不易放(fang)出，在塵(chen)層之間形成電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)梯度會(hui)產(chan)生局部擊穿(chuan)和(he)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)現象。

這(zhe)些(xie)情(qing)況都會造成除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)效率(lv)下降。工作原理/靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器用強電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場使(shi)灰(hui)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)顆粒(li)(li)(li)(li)帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),在其通過除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)時,帶(dai)正/負(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)微(wei)粒(li)(li)(li)(li)分(fen)別被負(fu)/正電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)板吸附(fu),即達到除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)目的(de)(de)(de)(de).由(you)于(yu)輻射(she)摩(mo)擦(ca)等(deng)原因(yin)，空氣中(zhong)含有(you)少量的(de)(de)(de)(de)自(zi)由(you)離子(zi)，單靠這(zhe)些(xie)自(zi)由(you)離子(zi)是不可(ke)能(neng)使(shi)含塵(chen)(chen)(chen)空氣中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)粒(li)(li)(li)(li)充分(fen)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)。因(yin)此，要利用靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使(shi)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)分(fen)離須具備兩個基(ji)本條件(jian)，一(yi)(yi)是存在使(shi)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場；二是存在使(shi)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)顆粒(li)(li)(li)(li)分(fen)離的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場。一(yi)(yi)般的(de)(de)(de)(de)靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器采(cai)用荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場和分(fen)離電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場合一(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)方法(fa)，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)金(jin)屬棒接高(gao)壓(ya)直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)負(fu)極(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)(chen)極(ji)接地為(wei)正極(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)(chen)極(ji)可(ke)以采(cai)用圓管(guan)，也可(ke)以采(cai)用平板。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電(dian)壓升高到(dao)數(shu)值后，放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)附近的離(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)獲得了較高的能量(liang)和速度，它(ta)們撞擊空氣中的中性(xing)原(yuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)時，中性(xing)原(yuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)會分解成正、負(fu)離(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)，這(zhe)種現象稱為空氣電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)(li)(li)。空氣電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)(li)(li)后，由于(yu)聯鎖反應，在(zai)極(ji)(ji)間(jian)(jian)運動(dong)的離(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)數(shu)大大增加(jia)，表(biao)現為極(ji)(ji)間(jian)(jian)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)急劇(ju)增加(jia)，空氣成了導體。放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)周(zhou)圍的空氣全部電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)(li)(li)后，在(zai)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)周(zhou)圍可以看見一圈淡藍(lan)色(se)的光環(huan)，這(zhe)個光環(huan)稱為電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈。電(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵(chen)器的電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈范圍通(tong)常局限于(yu)金屬棒周(zhou)圍幾(ji)毫(hao)米處。

空氣(qi)在(zai)電暈范(fan)圍電離后(hou)，正離子很(hen)快向負極移(yi)動，只有負離子才會進(jin)入電暈外區(qu)，向陽極移(yi)動。含(han)塵(chen)(chen)空氣(qi)通過(guo)電除塵(chen)(chen)器時(shi)，由(you)于電暈區(qu)的(de)范(fan)圍很(hen)小，只有少量的(de)塵(chen)(chen)粒在(zai)電暈區(qu)通過(guo)，獲得正電荷，沉積在(zai)電暈極上。

大多數塵粒在電(dian)暈外(wai)區通過(guo)，獲得負(fu)電(dian)荷(he)，沉(chen)積在陽極板上，當塵埃聚集到程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。