天水濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比(bi)電阻過低，塵(chen)粒(li)難(nan)以(yi)保持(chi)在(zai)集塵(chen)電極上，致使其重返(fan)氣流。比(bi)電阻過高(gao)，到達集塵(chen)電極的塵(chen)粒(li)電荷不易放出，在(zai)塵(chen)層之間形成電壓梯度(du)會產生(sheng)局部擊穿和放電現象。

這(zhe)些情況都(dou)會造成(cheng)除(chu)塵(chen)效率下降(jiang)。工作原理/靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)器用強電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)使(shi)灰(hui)塵(chen)顆(ke)粒帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),在(zai)其通過除(chu)塵(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)時,帶(dai)正/負電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)(he)的(de)(de)微粒分(fen)(fen)別被負/正電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)板吸附,即達到除(chu)塵(chen)目的(de)(de).由(you)于輻射摩擦(ca)等原因(yin)，空氣中含有少量(liang)的(de)(de)自由(you)離(li)子，單靠這(zhe)些自由(you)離(li)子是不可能使(shi)含塵(chen)空氣中的(de)(de)塵(chen)粒充分(fen)(fen)荷(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)。因(yin)此，要利用靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使(shi)粉塵(chen)分(fen)(fen)離(li)須具備兩個基本(ben)條件，一是存(cun)在(zai)使(shi)粉塵(chen)荷(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)；二(er)是存(cun)在(zai)使(shi)荷(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉塵(chen)顆(ke)粒分(fen)(fen)離(li)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)。一般(ban)的(de)(de)靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)器采(cai)用荷(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)和分(fen)(fen)離(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)合一的(de)(de)方(fang)法，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)的(de)(de)金屬棒(bang)接高壓(ya)直(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)(de)負極(ji)，集塵(chen)極(ji)接地為正極(ji)，集塵(chen)極(ji)可以采(cai)用圓(yuan)管，也(ye)可以采(cai)用平板。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電壓升(sheng)高到數值后(hou)，放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)附近的(de)離(li)(li)子(zi)獲得了(le)(le)較高的(de)能量和速度(du)，它們撞(zhuang)擊(ji)空(kong)氣中(zhong)的(de)中(zhong)性原子(zi)時(shi)，中(zhong)性原子(zi)會分解成正、負(fu)離(li)(li)子(zi)，這(zhe)種現象稱(cheng)為(wei)空(kong)氣電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)(li)。空(kong)氣電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)(li)后(hou)，由于聯鎖反應(ying)，在極(ji)間運動的(de)離(li)(li)子(zi)數大(da)大(da)增加，表現為(wei)極(ji)間的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流急(ji)劇增加，空(kong)氣成了(le)(le)導體。放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)周(zhou)圍的(de)空(kong)氣全部電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)(li)后(hou)，在放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)周(zhou)圍可以看見一圈淡藍(lan)色的(de)光(guang)環(huan)，這(zhe)個光(guang)環(huan)稱(cheng)為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵器的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)范圍通常局限(xian)于金(jin)屬棒(bang)周(zhou)圍幾毫米處。

空氣在電(dian)暈(yun)范圍電(dian)離后，正(zheng)離子很快向負極移(yi)(yi)動，只(zhi)(zhi)有負離子才(cai)會進入電(dian)暈(yun)外區(qu)(qu)，向陽極移(yi)(yi)動。含(han)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)空氣通過電(dian)除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器時，由于電(dian)暈(yun)區(qu)(qu)的范圍很小，只(zhi)(zhi)有少量的塵(chen)(chen)(chen)粒在電(dian)暈(yun)區(qu)(qu)通過，獲得正(zheng)電(dian)荷(he)，沉積在電(dian)暈(yun)極上。

大多數(shu)塵粒在(zai)電(dian)暈外區通(tong)過(guo)，獲得負電(dian)荷，沉積在陽極(ji)板上，當塵(chen)埃(ai)聚集到(dao)程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。