臺州濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比(bi)電(dian)阻過(guo)低，塵(chen)(chen)粒難以保持在集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)電(dian)極上，致使其重返氣(qi)流。比(bi)電(dian)阻過(guo)高，到(dao)達集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)電(dian)極的塵(chen)(chen)粒電(dian)荷不易放出，在塵(chen)(chen)層之間(jian)形成電(dian)壓梯度會產生局部擊穿和放電(dian)現(xian)象。

這些情況(kuang)都會造成除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)效率下(xia)降。工作(zuo)原理/靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)用強電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)使(shi)(shi)灰塵(chen)(chen)顆粒(li)帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),在(zai)其通過除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)時(shi),帶正/負(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)微粒(li)分(fen)(fen)別被負(fu)(fu)/正電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)板吸附,即達到除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de).由于(yu)輻射摩擦(ca)等原因(yin)，空氣(qi)中含有少(shao)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自(zi)由離子，單(dan)靠這些自(zi)由離子是不可能(neng)使(shi)(shi)含塵(chen)(chen)空氣(qi)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)塵(chen)(chen)粒(li)充分(fen)(fen)荷(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。因(yin)此(ci)，要利用靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使(shi)(shi)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)分(fen)(fen)離須具備兩(liang)個基本條(tiao)件，一是存在(zai)使(shi)(shi)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)荷(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)；二是存在(zai)使(shi)(shi)荷(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)顆粒(li)分(fen)(fen)離的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)。一般(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)采用荷(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)和分(fen)(fen)離電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)合(he)一的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方法，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)金屬棒接(jie)(jie)高壓(ya)直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)負(fu)(fu)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)接(jie)(jie)地為(wei)正極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)可以采用圓(yuan)管，也可以采用平板。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電(dian)壓(ya)升高到數值后，放(fang)電極附近的(de)離(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)獲得了較高(gao)的(de)能量和速(su)度，它(ta)們(men)撞擊空(kong)氣中(zhong)的(de)中(zhong)性原(yuan)子(zi)時，中(zhong)性原(yuan)子(zi)會分解成正、負離(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)，這種現象(xiang)稱(cheng)為空(kong)氣電離(li)(li)(li)(li)。空(kong)氣電離(li)(li)(li)(li)后，由于(yu)聯鎖(suo)反應(ying)，在極間(jian)運動的(de)離(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)數大(da)大(da)增加，表(biao)現為極間(jian)的(de)電流(liu)急劇增加，空(kong)氣成了導(dao)體。放(fang)電極周圍(wei)(wei)的(de)空(kong)氣全(quan)部電離(li)(li)(li)(li)后，在放(fang)電極周圍(wei)(wei)可(ke)以看見一圈淡藍色的(de)光(guang)環，這個(ge)光(guang)環稱(cheng)為電暈。電除(chu)塵器的(de)電暈范圍(wei)(wei)通(tong)常(chang)局(ju)限于(yu)金屬(shu)棒周圍(wei)(wei)幾(ji)毫米處。

空(kong)氣在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)(yun)(yun)范圍(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)離后，正離子很快向負極移動，只有負離子才會進入電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)(yun)(yun)外區，向陽極移動。含塵空(kong)氣通過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵器時(shi)，由于(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)(yun)(yun)區的(de)(de)范圍(wei)很小，只有少(shao)量(liang)的(de)(de)塵粒(li)在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)(yun)(yun)區通過(guo)，獲得正電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷，沉積在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)(yun)(yun)極上(shang)。

大多數(shu)塵粒在電暈外區通過，獲得負(fu)電荷，沉積在(zai)陽極板上，當(dang)塵埃聚(ju)集到程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。