宿遷濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比(bi)電(dian)(dian)阻過低，塵(chen)粒難以保持在(zai)(zai)集塵(chen)電(dian)(dian)極上，致使(shi)其重返氣流(liu)。比(bi)電(dian)(dian)阻過高，到(dao)達集塵(chen)電(dian)(dian)極的(de)塵(chen)粒電(dian)(dian)荷不易(yi)放(fang)出，在(zai)(zai)塵(chen)層之間形(xing)成電(dian)(dian)壓梯度會產生局部擊穿和放(fang)電(dian)(dian)現象。

這(zhe)些情況都會造成除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)效率(lv)下(xia)降。工作原理/靜(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)強電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)使(shi)灰塵(chen)顆(ke)粒(li)帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),在(zai)(zai)(zai)其通過除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)時,帶正/負電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)的(de)(de)(de)微粒(li)分(fen)(fen)(fen)別(bie)被(bei)負/正電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)板吸附,即達到除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)目的(de)(de)(de).由于輻射摩(mo)擦等原因，空氣中(zhong)含有(you)少量的(de)(de)(de)自(zi)由離子，單靠這(zhe)些自(zi)由離子是不(bu)可能使(shi)含塵(chen)空氣中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)塵(chen)粒(li)充(chong)分(fen)(fen)(fen)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)。因此，要利用(yong)(yong)(yong)靜(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使(shi)粉(fen)塵(chen)分(fen)(fen)(fen)離須具(ju)備兩個基本條件，一(yi)是存在(zai)(zai)(zai)使(shi)粉(fen)塵(chen)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)；二是存在(zai)(zai)(zai)使(shi)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉(fen)塵(chen)顆(ke)粒(li)分(fen)(fen)(fen)離的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)。一(yi)般的(de)(de)(de)靜(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)和分(fen)(fen)(fen)離電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)合一(yi)的(de)(de)(de)方法，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)的(de)(de)(de)金屬棒接高壓直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)(de)(de)負極(ji)，集塵(chen)極(ji)接地為正極(ji)，集塵(chen)極(ji)可以(yi)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)圓管，也可以(yi)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)平板。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電壓(ya)升高(gao)到數值后，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)附近的(de)(de)離子獲得了較高的(de)(de)能(neng)量和速度(du)，它們撞(zhuang)擊空(kong)氣(qi)中(zhong)的(de)(de)中(zhong)性(xing)原子時(shi)，中(zhong)性(xing)原子會分解成正、負(fu)離子，這種現(xian)象稱為(wei)(wei)空(kong)氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)離。空(kong)氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)離后，由于聯鎖(suo)反應，在極(ji)間運動(dong)的(de)(de)離子數大(da)大(da)增(zeng)加，表現(xian)為(wei)(wei)極(ji)間的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)急劇(ju)增(zeng)加，空(kong)氣(qi)成了導體。放電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)周圍(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)空(kong)氣(qi)全部(bu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)離后，在放電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)周圍(wei)(wei)可以看見一圈淡(dan)藍色的(de)(de)光環，這個光環稱為(wei)(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)(yun)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵器(qi)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)(yun)范(fan)圍(wei)(wei)通常局(ju)限于金(jin)屬(shu)棒(bang)周圍(wei)(wei)幾毫(hao)米處(chu)。

空氣(qi)在(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)范(fan)圍(wei)電(dian)(dian)離(li)后，正(zheng)離(li)子很快(kuai)向負極移動，只有負離(li)子才會(hui)進入電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)外區，向陽極移動。含塵空氣(qi)通(tong)過電(dian)(dian)除塵器時，由于電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)區的(de)(de)范(fan)圍(wei)很小，只有少(shao)量的(de)(de)塵粒在(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)區通(tong)過，獲得正(zheng)電(dian)(dian)荷，沉積在(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)極上。

大(da)多數塵粒(li)在電暈外區(qu)通(tong)過，獲得(de)負電荷(he)，沉積在陽極板上(shang)，當塵埃聚集到(dao)程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。