四平濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)過(guo)低，塵(chen)(chen)(chen)粒難以保持在(zai)集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)極(ji)上，致(zhi)使(shi)其重返氣流。比電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)過(guo)高，到達集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)極(ji)的塵(chen)(chen)(chen)粒電(dian)(dian)荷不易放出，在(zai)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)層之(zhi)間(jian)形(xing)成電(dian)(dian)壓梯度會產生局(ju)部擊穿和放電(dian)(dian)現象。

這些情況都會造成除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)效率下降。工作原理(li)/靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)用強電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)使灰塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)顆粒帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),在其通(tong)過除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)時,帶正/負電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)的(de)微粒分別(bie)被負/正電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)板吸附,即達到除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)目(mu)的(de).由(you)于輻射摩擦(ca)等原因，空(kong)氣中含有少量的(de)自(zi)由(you)離(li)子，單靠(kao)這些自(zi)由(you)離(li)子是不可能使含塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)空(kong)氣中的(de)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)粒充分荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)。因此(ci)，要利用靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)分離(li)須(xu)具備兩個基本條件，一是存在使粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)；二是存在使荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)顆粒分離(li)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)。一般的(de)靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)采用荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)和分離(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)合一的(de)方法，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)的(de)金屬(shu)棒接高(gao)壓(ya)直(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)的(de)負極(ji)，集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)極(ji)接地為正極(ji)，集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)極(ji)可以采用圓管，也可以采用平板。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電壓(ya)升高到數(shu)值后(hou)，放電(dian)(dian)極(ji)附近的(de)(de)(de)離(li)(li)(li)子獲(huo)得了(le)較高的(de)(de)(de)能量和速度，它(ta)們撞擊(ji)空(kong)氣(qi)中的(de)(de)(de)中性原(yuan)子時，中性原(yuan)子會分解成正、負離(li)(li)(li)子，這(zhe)種現象稱為空(kong)氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)離(li)(li)(li)。空(kong)氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)離(li)(li)(li)后(hou)，由于聯鎖反應(ying)，在極(ji)間運動的(de)(de)(de)離(li)(li)(li)子數(shu)大(da)大(da)增(zeng)加，表現為極(ji)間的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)急劇增(zeng)加，空(kong)氣(qi)成了(le)導體。放電(dian)(dian)極(ji)周(zhou)圍(wei)的(de)(de)(de)空(kong)氣(qi)全部電(dian)(dian)離(li)(li)(li)后(hou)，在放電(dian)(dian)極(ji)周(zhou)圍(wei)可以看見一圈(quan)淡藍色的(de)(de)(de)光環，這(zhe)個光環稱為電(dian)(dian)暈。電(dian)(dian)除塵器的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)暈范圍(wei)通常(chang)局限于金屬棒周(zhou)圍(wei)幾毫米(mi)處(chu)。

空(kong)氣(qi)在電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)范圍(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)后，正(zheng)離(li)子很快向負極(ji)移(yi)動，只有負離(li)子才(cai)會進入電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)外(wai)區，向陽極(ji)移(yi)動。含塵(chen)空(kong)氣(qi)通(tong)過電(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵(chen)器時，由于電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)區的范圍(wei)很小(xiao)，只有少量的塵(chen)粒在電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)區通(tong)過，獲得正(zheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷，沉積在電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)極(ji)上(shang)。

大多數塵粒在電暈(yun)外區通過，獲得負電荷，沉積在陽極(ji)板上，當塵埃聚集到(dao)程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。