四川濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比電(dian)阻過(guo)(guo)低，塵(chen)(chen)粒難以保持在(zai)集塵(chen)(chen)電(dian)極(ji)上(shang)，致(zhi)使其重返(fan)氣(qi)流。比電(dian)阻過(guo)(guo)高，到達集塵(chen)(chen)電(dian)極(ji)的(de)塵(chen)(chen)粒電(dian)荷(he)不易放出，在(zai)塵(chen)(chen)層之(zhi)間形成電(dian)壓(ya)梯(ti)度會產生局部擊(ji)穿和放電(dian)現象。

這些情況都會造成(cheng)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)效率下降。工作原理/靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器用(yong)(yong)強電(dian)(dian)場使灰塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)顆粒帶電(dian)(dian),在其通過除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)時,帶正/負電(dian)(dian)荷的微粒分(fen)(fen)(fen)別(bie)被負/正電(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)板吸附,即達(da)到除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)目的.由于(yu)輻射摩擦等原因，空氣中(zhong)含有少量的自(zi)由離(li)子，單靠這些自(zi)由離(li)子是(shi)(shi)不可能使含塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)空氣中(zhong)的塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)粒充分(fen)(fen)(fen)荷電(dian)(dian)的。因此，要利用(yong)(yong)靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)使粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)分(fen)(fen)(fen)離(li)須具備兩個基本(ben)條件，一是(shi)(shi)存(cun)在使粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)荷電(dian)(dian)的電(dian)(dian)場；二是(shi)(shi)存(cun)在使荷電(dian)(dian)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)顆粒分(fen)(fen)(fen)離(li)的電(dian)(dian)場。一般的靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器采(cai)用(yong)(yong)荷電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)場和分(fen)(fen)(fen)離(li)電(dian)(dian)場合一的方法，放電(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)的金屬棒接高壓(ya)直流電(dian)(dian)源的負極(ji)(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)極(ji)(ji)接地為正極(ji)(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)極(ji)(ji)可以(yi)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)圓(yuan)管，也可以(yi)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)平板。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電壓升高到數(shu)值后(hou)，放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)附近的(de)(de)離(li)(li)子(zi)獲得了較(jiao)高(gao)的(de)(de)能(neng)量(liang)和速度，它們(men)撞擊空(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)中的(de)(de)中性(xing)(xing)原子(zi)時，中性(xing)(xing)原子(zi)會(hui)分解成(cheng)正、負離(li)(li)子(zi)，這種現象稱(cheng)為(wei)空(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)(li)。空(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)(li)后(hou)，由于(yu)聯鎖反應，在極(ji)(ji)間運動的(de)(de)離(li)(li)子(zi)數(shu)大大增加，表現為(wei)極(ji)(ji)間的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)急劇增加，空(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)成(cheng)了導體。放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)周(zhou)圍(wei)的(de)(de)空(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)全部電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)(li)后(hou)，在放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)周(zhou)圍(wei)可以看見一圈(quan)淡(dan)藍色的(de)(de)光環(huan)(huan)，這個光環(huan)(huan)稱(cheng)為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵器的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈范圍(wei)通常局限于(yu)金屬棒周(zhou)圍(wei)幾毫(hao)米處。

空氣(qi)在(zai)電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)范圍電(dian)(dian)離(li)(li)后，正離(li)(li)子很快向(xiang)(xiang)負極移動，只有(you)負離(li)(li)子才會(hui)進入(ru)電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)外區，向(xiang)(xiang)陽極移動。含塵(chen)空氣(qi)通過電(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)器時(shi)，由于電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)區的范圍很小，只有(you)少量的塵(chen)粒(li)在(zai)電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)區通過，獲(huo)得正電(dian)(dian)荷，沉積在(zai)電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)極上。

大多(duo)數塵粒在電暈外區通過，獲得負電荷，沉積在(zai)陽極板上(shang)，當塵埃聚集到程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。