深圳濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比(bi)電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)過(guo)低，塵(chen)粒難(nan)以保持(chi)在集塵(chen)電(dian)(dian)極上，致使其重返氣流。比(bi)電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)過(guo)高，到達(da)集塵(chen)電(dian)(dian)極的塵(chen)粒電(dian)(dian)荷(he)不易放出，在塵(chen)層之間(jian)形(xing)成電(dian)(dian)壓梯度會產生(sheng)局部擊穿和放電(dian)(dian)現象。

這些情(qing)況都會造成除(chu)塵(chen)效(xiao)率下降。工作原(yuan)理/靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)器用強(qiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)使灰塵(chen)顆粒帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),在其通(tong)過除(chu)塵(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)時,帶(dai)正/負電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)(he)的(de)(de)(de)微(wei)粒分別被負/正電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)板吸附,即(ji)達(da)到除(chu)塵(chen)目的(de)(de)(de).由(you)于輻射(she)摩擦等原(yuan)因，空氣中(zhong)含(han)有少量的(de)(de)(de)自由(you)離(li)(li)子，單靠這些自由(you)離(li)(li)子是(shi)不可能使含(han)塵(chen)空氣中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)塵(chen)粒充分荷(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)。因此，要利用靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使粉(fen)塵(chen)分離(li)(li)須具備兩個基(ji)本(ben)條件(jian)，一是(shi)存(cun)在使粉(fen)塵(chen)荷(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)；二是(shi)存(cun)在使荷(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉(fen)塵(chen)顆粒分離(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)。一般的(de)(de)(de)靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)器采用荷(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)和(he)分離(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)合(he)一的(de)(de)(de)方法(fa)，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)的(de)(de)(de)金(jin)屬棒接高壓直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)(de)(de)負極(ji)，集塵(chen)極(ji)接地為(wei)正極(ji)，集塵(chen)極(ji)可以(yi)采用圓管，也可以(yi)采用平(ping)板。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電壓升高到數(shu)值后，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)附近的(de)(de)(de)離(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)獲(huo)得(de)了較(jiao)高的(de)(de)(de)能量和速(su)度(du)，它們撞擊空(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)中的(de)(de)(de)中性原(yuan)子(zi)(zi)時，中性原(yuan)子(zi)(zi)會(hui)分解成正、負離(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)，這(zhe)種現(xian)象稱為(wei)(wei)空(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)(li)(li)。空(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)(li)(li)后，由于(yu)聯鎖反應(ying)，在(zai)極(ji)間(jian)運(yun)動的(de)(de)(de)離(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)數(shu)大(da)大(da)增加(jia)，表現(xian)為(wei)(wei)極(ji)間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流急劇增加(jia)，空(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)成了導體(ti)。放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)周(zhou)圍(wei)的(de)(de)(de)空(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)全部電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)(li)(li)后，在(zai)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)周(zhou)圍(wei)可以看(kan)見(jian)一圈(quan)淡藍色的(de)(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)環，這(zhe)個光(guang)(guang)環稱為(wei)(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵器的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈范圍(wei)通常(chang)局(ju)限于(yu)金屬棒周(zhou)圍(wei)幾毫米(mi)處。

空氣(qi)在電暈范圍電離后，正離子(zi)很快向負極(ji)移動，只有負離子(zi)才(cai)會進入電暈外區，向陽極(ji)移動。含塵空氣(qi)通(tong)(tong)過(guo)電除塵器時(shi)，由于電暈區的(de)范圍很小(xiao)，只有少量(liang)的(de)塵粒在電暈區通(tong)(tong)過(guo)，獲得正電荷，沉積在電暈極(ji)上。

大多數塵粒在電暈(yun)外(wai)區通(tong)過，獲得(de)負電荷(he)，沉(chen)積在(zai)陽極板上，當塵(chen)埃聚集到程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。