上饒濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比(bi)電(dian)阻過低，塵粒難以保持在(zai)集塵電(dian)極上，致使其重(zhong)返氣(qi)流。比(bi)電(dian)阻過高，到達集塵電(dian)極的(de)塵粒電(dian)荷不易放(fang)出，在(zai)塵層之間(jian)形成電(dian)壓(ya)梯度會產生局(ju)部擊(ji)穿和放(fang)電(dian)現象。

這些(xie)情況都會(hui)造成除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)效率下降。工作(zuo)原(yuan)理(li)/靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)用(yong)(yong)強電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)使(shi)(shi)灰塵(chen)(chen)顆粒帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),在其通過除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)時,帶(dai)正(zheng)(zheng)/負電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷的(de)(de)(de)微粒分(fen)別被負/正(zheng)(zheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)板吸附,即達到(dao)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)目的(de)(de)(de).由于輻(fu)射摩擦等(deng)原(yuan)因，空氣(qi)中(zhong)含(han)有少量的(de)(de)(de)自由離子(zi)，單(dan)靠這些(xie)自由離子(zi)是(shi)不可能使(shi)(shi)含(han)塵(chen)(chen)空氣(qi)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)塵(chen)(chen)粒充分(fen)荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)。因此(ci)，要利用(yong)(yong)靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使(shi)(shi)粉塵(chen)(chen)分(fen)離須(xu)具備兩(liang)個基本(ben)條件，一是(shi)存(cun)在使(shi)(shi)粉塵(chen)(chen)荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)；二(er)是(shi)存(cun)在使(shi)(shi)荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉塵(chen)(chen)顆粒分(fen)離的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)。一般的(de)(de)(de)靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)采用(yong)(yong)荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)和分(fen)離電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)合一的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)法，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)的(de)(de)(de)金屬棒接高(gao)壓(ya)直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)(de)(de)負極(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)極(ji)接地為正(zheng)(zheng)極(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)極(ji)可以采用(yong)(yong)圓管，也可以采用(yong)(yong)平板。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電壓升(sheng)高到數值后，放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)附近的(de)(de)(de)離(li)子獲得(de)了較高的(de)(de)(de)能量和(he)速度，它們撞擊空(kong)氣(qi)中的(de)(de)(de)中性原子時，中性原子會分解成(cheng)(cheng)正、負離(li)子，這(zhe)種現(xian)象稱為(wei)(wei)空(kong)氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)。空(kong)氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)后，由于聯(lian)鎖反(fan)應，在極(ji)間運(yun)動的(de)(de)(de)離(li)子數大大增(zeng)加(jia)，表現(xian)為(wei)(wei)極(ji)間的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流急(ji)劇(ju)增(zeng)加(jia)，空(kong)氣(qi)成(cheng)(cheng)了導體。放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)周圍(wei)的(de)(de)(de)空(kong)氣(qi)全部電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)后，在放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)周圍(wei)可(ke)以看見一圈(quan)淡藍色的(de)(de)(de)光環，這(zhe)個光環稱為(wei)(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈。電(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵器的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈范圍(wei)通常局限(xian)于金屬棒(bang)周圍(wei)幾毫米處。

空氣(qi)在(zai)電(dian)暈(yun)(yun)范(fan)圍(wei)電(dian)離后，正離子很快向(xiang)負極移(yi)動(dong)，只有(you)負離子才會進入電(dian)暈(yun)(yun)外區(qu)，向(xiang)陽極移(yi)動(dong)。含塵(chen)空氣(qi)通過電(dian)除塵(chen)器時，由于電(dian)暈(yun)(yun)區(qu)的范(fan)圍(wei)很小(xiao)，只有(you)少量的塵(chen)粒在(zai)電(dian)暈(yun)(yun)區(qu)通過，獲得正電(dian)荷，沉積在(zai)電(dian)暈(yun)(yun)極上(shang)。

大多(duo)數塵粒在電(dian)暈外區(qu)通過，獲得負電(dian)荷，沉積在陽(yang)極板(ban)上，當(dang)塵埃聚集到程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。