商洛濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比電(dian)阻(zu)過(guo)(guo)低(di)，塵粒難以(yi)保持在集塵電(dian)極(ji)上(shang)，致使其重(zhong)返氣(qi)流。比電(dian)阻(zu)過(guo)(guo)高，到達集塵電(dian)極(ji)的塵粒電(dian)荷(he)不易放(fang)出，在塵層之間形(xing)成電(dian)壓(ya)梯度會產生局部擊穿和放(fang)電(dian)現象。

這些情況都(dou)會(hui)造成除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)效(xiao)率下降。工作(zuo)原理/靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)用(yong)強(qiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)使(shi)灰塵(chen)顆(ke)(ke)粒帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),在(zai)其通過除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)時,帶(dai)正/負電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)的微粒分(fen)別(bie)被負/正電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)板(ban)吸附(fu),即達(da)到除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)目的.由于輻射摩擦(ca)等(deng)原因，空(kong)氣(qi)中含(han)有少量的自由離子，單靠這些自由離子是不(bu)可(ke)能使(shi)含(han)塵(chen)空(kong)氣(qi)中的塵(chen)粒充分(fen)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的。因此，要利用(yong)靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使(shi)粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)分(fen)離須具備兩(liang)個基本條(tiao)件，一(yi)是存在(zai)使(shi)粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)；二是存在(zai)使(shi)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)顆(ke)(ke)粒分(fen)離的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)。一(yi)般的靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)采用(yong)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)和分(fen)離電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)合一(yi)的方(fang)法，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)的金屬棒接高(gao)壓直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的負極(ji)(ji)(ji)，集塵(chen)極(ji)(ji)(ji)接地為(wei)正極(ji)(ji)(ji)，集塵(chen)極(ji)(ji)(ji)可(ke)以(yi)采用(yong)圓管，也可(ke)以(yi)采用(yong)平板(ban)。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電壓(ya)升(sheng)高(gao)到數值后，放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)附(fu)近的(de)離(li)子(zi)獲得了(le)較(jiao)高(gao)的(de)能量和速度，它們撞擊空(kong)氣(qi)中(zhong)的(de)中(zhong)性原(yuan)子(zi)時，中(zhong)性原(yuan)子(zi)會分解成正、負離(li)子(zi)，這種現(xian)(xian)象稱為(wei)空(kong)氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)。空(kong)氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)后，由于(yu)(yu)聯鎖(suo)反應，在(zai)極(ji)間(jian)運(yun)動的(de)離(li)子(zi)數大(da)大(da)增加，表現(xian)(xian)為(wei)極(ji)間(jian)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流急劇增加，空(kong)氣(qi)成了(le)導體。放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)周(zhou)圍的(de)空(kong)氣(qi)全部電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)后，在(zai)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)周(zhou)圍可以(yi)看見一圈淡藍色的(de)光環，這個光環稱為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈。電(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵器(qi)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈范圍通常局限于(yu)(yu)金屬棒周(zhou)圍幾毫米處。

空氣在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)范圍電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)后，正(zheng)(zheng)離(li)子(zi)很快向(xiang)負極移動，只有負離(li)子(zi)才會進入(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)外區，向(xiang)陽極移動。含塵空氣通過電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵器時(shi)，由(you)于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)區的(de)范圍很小，只有少(shao)量的(de)塵粒在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)區通過，獲得正(zheng)(zheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷，沉積在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)極上。

大多數(shu)塵粒在電暈外區通過，獲(huo)得負電荷，沉積在陽極板上，當塵埃(ai)聚集到程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。