日照濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比電阻過低，塵(chen)粒(li)難以(yi)保持在集塵(chen)電極上，致使其重返氣流。比電阻過高，到達(da)集塵(chen)電極的塵(chen)粒(li)電荷(he)不易放出，在塵(chen)層之(zhi)間形(xing)成(cheng)電壓梯度會產生局部擊(ji)穿(chuan)和放電現(xian)象。

這些情(qing)況都會造成除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)效率下(xia)降。工(gong)作原(yuan)理/靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)用(yong)強電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)使(shi)(shi)灰塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)顆粒(li)(li)帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),在(zai)其通過除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)時,帶正(zheng)(zheng)/負(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)的(de)(de)微(wei)粒(li)(li)分別被負(fu)/正(zheng)(zheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)板吸附(fu),即達到除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)目的(de)(de).由(you)于輻射(she)摩擦等原(yuan)因，空氣(qi)中含有少(shao)量的(de)(de)自由(you)離(li)(li)子，單靠這些自由(you)離(li)(li)子是不可(ke)能使(shi)(shi)含塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)空氣(qi)中的(de)(de)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)粒(li)(li)充分荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)。因此，要(yao)利用(yong)靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使(shi)(shi)粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)分離(li)(li)須具備兩個基本條件，一是存在(zai)使(shi)(shi)粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)；二是存在(zai)使(shi)(shi)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)顆粒(li)(li)分離(li)(li)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)。一般的(de)(de)靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)采(cai)用(yong)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)和(he)分離(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)合一的(de)(de)方法(fa)，放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)的(de)(de)金屬棒接(jie)高(gao)壓直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)(de)負(fu)極(ji)，集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)極(ji)接(jie)地為(wei)正(zheng)(zheng)極(ji)，集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)極(ji)可(ke)以(yi)采(cai)用(yong)圓管，也可(ke)以(yi)采(cai)用(yong)平(ping)板。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電(dian)壓升高到數值后，放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)附近的(de)離(li)子(zi)獲(huo)得(de)了較(jiao)高(gao)的(de)能量和(he)速(su)度，它們(men)撞擊空(kong)(kong)氣中的(de)中性原子(zi)時，中性原子(zi)會分(fen)解成(cheng)正、負離(li)子(zi)，這種現(xian)象稱為(wei)(wei)(wei)空(kong)(kong)氣電(dian)(dian)離(li)。空(kong)(kong)氣電(dian)(dian)離(li)后，由(you)于聯鎖反(fan)應，在極(ji)(ji)間運(yun)動的(de)離(li)子(zi)數大大增(zeng)加(jia)，表現(xian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)極(ji)(ji)間的(de)電(dian)(dian)流急(ji)劇增(zeng)加(jia)，空(kong)(kong)氣成(cheng)了導體。放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)周圍(wei)的(de)空(kong)(kong)氣全部(bu)電(dian)(dian)離(li)后，在放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)周圍(wei)可以看見(jian)一圈(quan)淡藍(lan)色(se)的(de)光(guang)(guang)環，這個光(guang)(guang)環稱為(wei)(wei)(wei)電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)(yun)。電(dian)(dian)除塵器的(de)電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)(yun)范圍(wei)通常局限(xian)于金(jin)屬棒(bang)周圍(wei)幾毫米(mi)處(chu)。

空氣(qi)在(zai)電(dian)暈范圍(wei)電(dian)離后，正離子(zi)(zi)很快(kuai)向負極(ji)(ji)(ji)移(yi)動，只(zhi)有負離子(zi)(zi)才(cai)會進入電(dian)暈外區，向陽極(ji)(ji)(ji)移(yi)動。含塵空氣(qi)通(tong)過(guo)電(dian)除(chu)塵器時，由于電(dian)暈區的(de)(de)范圍(wei)很小，只(zhi)有少(shao)量的(de)(de)塵粒在(zai)電(dian)暈區通(tong)過(guo)，獲得(de)正電(dian)荷(he)，沉積在(zai)電(dian)暈極(ji)(ji)(ji)上。

大多數塵粒(li)在電暈(yun)外區通過，獲得負電荷，沉積在陽極板上，當塵埃(ai)聚集(ji)到程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。