瓊海濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比電(dian)(dian)阻過(guo)低，塵粒難(nan)以保(bao)持在(zai)(zai)集(ji)塵電(dian)(dian)極(ji)上，致使其(qi)重返氣(qi)流。比電(dian)(dian)阻過(guo)高，到達集(ji)塵電(dian)(dian)極(ji)的塵粒電(dian)(dian)荷不易放(fang)出(chu)，在(zai)(zai)塵層之間形(xing)成電(dian)(dian)壓梯度會產生局部擊穿(chuan)和放(fang)電(dian)(dian)現象。

這些情況都會(hui)造成除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)效率下降(jiang)。工作原理/靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)用(yong)(yong)強電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場使(shi)(shi)灰塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)顆粒(li)帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),在其通過除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)時,帶正(zheng)/負(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)微(wei)粒(li)分(fen)別被(bei)負(fu)/正(zheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)板吸附,即達到除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de).由(you)于(yu)輻(fu)射摩擦(ca)等原因，空氣(qi)中含有少量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自由(you)離子，單靠這些自由(you)離子是不可(ke)能使(shi)(shi)含塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)空氣(qi)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)粒(li)充分(fen)荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。因此，要利用(yong)(yong)靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使(shi)(shi)粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)分(fen)離須具備(bei)兩個基本條(tiao)件(jian)，一是存在使(shi)(shi)粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場；二是存在使(shi)(shi)荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)顆粒(li)分(fen)離的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場。一般的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場和(he)分(fen)離電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場合(he)一的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方法，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)金屬(shu)棒接高壓直(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)負(fu)極(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)極(ji)接地為正(zheng)極(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)極(ji)可(ke)以(yi)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)圓管，也可(ke)以(yi)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)平板。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電壓升高(gao)到數值后(hou)，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)附(fu)近的(de)(de)(de)離(li)子(zi)獲得了(le)較高的(de)(de)(de)能(neng)量和速度，它們(men)撞(zhuang)擊空氣(qi)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)性原子(zi)時，中(zhong)性原子(zi)會分解成正(zheng)、負離(li)子(zi)，這(zhe)種(zhong)現象稱為(wei)空氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)。空氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)后(hou)，由于聯鎖(suo)反應，在(zai)(zai)極(ji)(ji)間運動(dong)的(de)(de)(de)離(li)子(zi)數大大增(zeng)加，表現為(wei)極(ji)(ji)間的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流急劇增(zeng)加，空氣(qi)成了(le)導體。放電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)周圍的(de)(de)(de)空氣(qi)全部(bu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)后(hou)，在(zai)(zai)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)周圍可以(yi)看見一圈淡藍色的(de)(de)(de)光(guang)環(huan)，這(zhe)個光(guang)環(huan)稱為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵器的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)范圍通常(chang)局限(xian)于金屬棒周圍幾毫米處。

空(kong)氣在(zai)電暈(yun)范圍(wei)電離(li)后，正離(li)子很(hen)(hen)快向(xiang)負(fu)極(ji)移(yi)(yi)動(dong)，只(zhi)有負(fu)離(li)子才(cai)會進入電暈(yun)外區，向(xiang)陽極(ji)移(yi)(yi)動(dong)。含(han)塵(chen)空(kong)氣通(tong)過電除(chu)塵(chen)器時，由于電暈(yun)區的范圍(wei)很(hen)(hen)小，只(zhi)有少量的塵(chen)粒在(zai)電暈(yun)區通(tong)過，獲(huo)得正電荷，沉積在(zai)電暈(yun)極(ji)上。

大多數塵粒在(zai)電暈外區通過(guo)，獲得負電荷，沉積在陽極(ji)板上，當塵埃聚(ju)集到程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。