清遠濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比電阻過(guo)低，塵(chen)粒難以保持在集塵(chen)電極(ji)上(shang)，致使其重返氣流。比電阻過(guo)高，到達(da)集塵(chen)電極(ji)的塵(chen)粒電荷不易放出，在塵(chen)層之間形(xing)成電壓梯度(du)會產生局部擊穿和放電現(xian)象。

這些情況都會造(zao)成除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)效率下降。工作原(yuan)理(li)/靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)用(yong)(yong)強電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)使灰(hui)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)顆(ke)粒帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),在其通過(guo)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極時,帶(dai)正/負(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷的(de)微(wei)粒分(fen)(fen)別被負(fu)/正電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極板(ban)吸附,即達到除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)目(mu)的(de).由(you)(you)于(yu)輻射摩擦(ca)等原(yuan)因，空(kong)氣中含(han)有少量的(de)自由(you)(you)離(li)(li)子，單靠這些自由(you)(you)離(li)(li)子是不(bu)可能使含(han)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)空(kong)氣中的(de)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)粒充(chong)分(fen)(fen)荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)。因此，要(yao)利用(yong)(yong)靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)分(fen)(fen)離(li)(li)須具備兩個基本條(tiao)件，一是存在使粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)；二是存在使荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)顆(ke)粒分(fen)(fen)離(li)(li)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)。一般的(de)靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)和分(fen)(fen)離(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)合一的(de)方法(fa)，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極的(de)金(jin)屬棒接高壓直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)負(fu)極，集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)極接地為正極，集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)極可以(yi)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)圓管，也可以(yi)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)平板(ban)。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電壓(ya)升高到數值后，放(fang)(fang)電極(ji)附近的(de)離(li)(li)子獲(huo)得了較(jiao)高的(de)能量和速度，它們(men)撞擊空(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)中(zhong)的(de)中(zhong)性原(yuan)子時，中(zhong)性原(yuan)子會分解成正、負離(li)(li)子，這種(zhong)現(xian)象稱為(wei)(wei)空(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)電離(li)(li)。空(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)電離(li)(li)后，由于聯(lian)鎖反應，在極(ji)間運動的(de)離(li)(li)子數大大增加，表現(xian)為(wei)(wei)極(ji)間的(de)電流急(ji)劇增加，空(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)成了導體。放(fang)(fang)電極(ji)周(zhou)圍(wei)的(de)空(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)全部電離(li)(li)后，在放(fang)(fang)電極(ji)周(zhou)圍(wei)可(ke)以看(kan)見一圈淡藍色的(de)光環(huan)，這個光環(huan)稱為(wei)(wei)電暈(yun)。電除(chu)塵器的(de)電暈(yun)范圍(wei)通常局限于金屬棒周(zhou)圍(wei)幾毫米處(chu)。

空氣在電暈范(fan)(fan)圍電離(li)后，正(zheng)離(li)子(zi)很快向負(fu)極移動(dong)，只(zhi)有負(fu)離(li)子(zi)才會進(jin)入電暈外區(qu)，向陽極移動(dong)。含(han)塵空氣通過電除塵器時，由(you)于電暈區(qu)的范(fan)(fan)圍很小，只(zhi)有少量的塵粒在電暈區(qu)通過，獲得正(zheng)電荷，沉積在電暈極上。

大多數塵粒在(zai)電暈(yun)外區通過，獲得(de)負電荷，沉積在陽極板(ban)上，當塵埃(ai)聚集到程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。