南通濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比電(dian)阻(zu)過低，塵(chen)(chen)粒難以保持在(zai)集(ji)(ji)塵(chen)(chen)電(dian)極上，致使(shi)其重返氣流。比電(dian)阻(zu)過高，到達集(ji)(ji)塵(chen)(chen)電(dian)極的塵(chen)(chen)粒電(dian)荷不易(yi)放(fang)出，在(zai)塵(chen)(chen)層(ceng)之間形(xing)成電(dian)壓梯(ti)度會產(chan)生局部擊穿和放(fang)電(dian)現(xian)象。

這些情況都(dou)會(hui)造成(cheng)除(chu)塵(chen)效率下(xia)降。工作原(yuan)理/靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)器用(yong)(yong)強電(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)使(shi)(shi)(shi)灰塵(chen)顆粒(li)帶電(dian)(dian)(dian),在(zai)其通過(guo)除(chu)塵(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)時(shi),帶正(zheng)/負(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)的(de)(de)微粒(li)分(fen)別(bie)被(bei)負(fu)/正(zheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)板吸附,即達(da)到(dao)除(chu)塵(chen)目的(de)(de).由(you)于輻(fu)射(she)摩擦(ca)等原(yuan)因，空氣(qi)中含(han)(han)有少量的(de)(de)自(zi)由(you)離(li)子(zi)，單靠這些自(zi)由(you)離(li)子(zi)是(shi)不可(ke)(ke)能使(shi)(shi)(shi)含(han)(han)塵(chen)空氣(qi)中的(de)(de)塵(chen)粒(li)充分(fen)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)。因此，要利用(yong)(yong)靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)使(shi)(shi)(shi)粉塵(chen)分(fen)離(li)須具備兩個基本條件，一是(shi)存(cun)在(zai)使(shi)(shi)(shi)粉塵(chen)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)；二是(shi)存(cun)在(zai)使(shi)(shi)(shi)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)粉塵(chen)顆粒(li)分(fen)離(li)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)。一般(ban)的(de)(de)靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)器采(cai)用(yong)(yong)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)和分(fen)離(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)合(he)一的(de)(de)方法，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)金屬棒接(jie)高(gao)壓(ya)直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)的(de)(de)負(fu)極(ji)(ji)(ji)，集塵(chen)極(ji)(ji)(ji)接(jie)地為正(zheng)極(ji)(ji)(ji)，集塵(chen)極(ji)(ji)(ji)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)圓管，也可(ke)(ke)以(yi)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)平板。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電壓升高到數值后，放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)附(fu)近(jin)的(de)離子獲(huo)得了(le)較高的(de)能量(liang)和速(su)度，它(ta)們撞(zhuang)擊(ji)空氣(qi)(qi)中(zhong)的(de)中(zhong)性(xing)原子時，中(zhong)性(xing)原子會分解成正、負離子，這種現(xian)象稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)空氣(qi)(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)離。空氣(qi)(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)離后，由于聯(lian)鎖反應，在極(ji)(ji)間運動的(de)離子數大大增(zeng)加，表現(xian)為(wei)(wei)極(ji)(ji)間的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)急劇增(zeng)加，空氣(qi)(qi)成了(le)導體(ti)。放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)周圍的(de)空氣(qi)(qi)全部電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)離后，在放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)周圍可以看(kan)見(jian)一(yi)圈淡藍色的(de)光(guang)環，這個光(guang)環稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵器的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈范圍通常局(ju)限(xian)于金屬(shu)棒周圍幾毫(hao)米(mi)處(chu)。

空氣(qi)在(zai)電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)范圍(wei)電(dian)(dian)離后，正離子(zi)很快向(xiang)負極移動，只有(you)負離子(zi)才會進入電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)外區，向(xiang)陽極移動。含(han)塵(chen)空氣(qi)通(tong)過(guo)電(dian)(dian)除塵(chen)器時(shi)，由于電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)區的范圍(wei)很小(xiao)，只有(you)少量的塵(chen)粒在(zai)電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)區通(tong)過(guo)，獲得正電(dian)(dian)荷，沉積在(zai)電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)極上。

大多(duo)數塵(chen)粒在(zai)電(dian)暈(yun)外區通過，獲得負電(dian)荷，沉積在陽極(ji)板上，當塵埃聚(ju)集到程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。