牡丹江濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比電(dian)阻過低，塵(chen)粒(li)難以保持在(zai)集(ji)塵(chen)電(dian)極上(shang)，致使(shi)其重返氣流。比電(dian)阻過高，到達集(ji)塵(chen)電(dian)極的塵(chen)粒(li)電(dian)荷不易(yi)放(fang)出，在(zai)塵(chen)層之間形成電(dian)壓梯(ti)度會(hui)產(chan)生(sheng)局部擊穿和放(fang)電(dian)現象(xiang)。

這些情況都(dou)會造(zao)成除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)效率下降(jiang)。工(gong)作原理/靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器用(yong)強電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)使(shi)灰塵(chen)(chen)顆粒(li)帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),在(zai)其通過除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)時,帶正/負(fu)(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)(he)的(de)(de)微粒(li)分(fen)別被(bei)負(fu)(fu)(fu)/正電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)板(ban)吸附,即達到除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)目的(de)(de).由于輻射摩(mo)擦等原因(yin)，空氣中含(han)有(you)少量的(de)(de)自由離子，單靠這些自由離子是不(bu)可(ke)能使(shi)含(han)塵(chen)(chen)空氣中的(de)(de)塵(chen)(chen)粒(li)充分(fen)荷(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)。因(yin)此，要利用(yong)靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使(shi)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)分(fen)離須(xu)具(ju)備兩個基本條件，一是存在(zai)使(shi)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)荷(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)；二是存在(zai)使(shi)荷(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)顆粒(li)分(fen)離的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)。一般的(de)(de)靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器采(cai)用(yong)荷(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)和分(fen)離電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)合一的(de)(de)方法，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)金(jin)屬(shu)棒接高壓(ya)直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)的(de)(de)負(fu)(fu)(fu)極(ji)(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)極(ji)(ji)接地為正極(ji)(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)極(ji)(ji)可(ke)以采(cai)用(yong)圓管，也可(ke)以采(cai)用(yong)平板(ban)。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電壓升高到數值后，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極附近(jin)的(de)離(li)子(zi)獲得了(le)較高的(de)能量(liang)和速度(du)，它們撞(zhuang)擊空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)中的(de)中性原(yuan)子(zi)時，中性原(yuan)子(zi)會分解成(cheng)正、負離(li)子(zi)，這種現象(xiang)稱(cheng)為空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)。空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)后，由于聯鎖反應，在(zai)(zai)極間(jian)運動(dong)的(de)離(li)子(zi)數大大增(zeng)加，表現為極間(jian)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)急劇(ju)增(zeng)加，空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)成(cheng)了(le)導體。放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極周圍(wei)的(de)空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)全部電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)后，在(zai)(zai)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極周圍(wei)可(ke)以看見一圈淡藍色的(de)光(guang)(guang)環，這個光(guang)(guang)環稱(cheng)為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵器的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)范圍(wei)通常局限于金屬(shu)棒周圍(wei)幾毫(hao)米處。

空氣在電(dian)暈(yun)范圍電(dian)離后(hou)，正(zheng)(zheng)離子很(hen)快向負極(ji)移動，只有負離子才會進入電(dian)暈(yun)外區(qu)(qu)，向陽極(ji)移動。含塵空氣通過電(dian)除塵器(qi)時，由于電(dian)暈(yun)區(qu)(qu)的范圍很(hen)小，只有少量的塵粒在電(dian)暈(yun)區(qu)(qu)通過，獲得正(zheng)(zheng)電(dian)荷，沉積在電(dian)暈(yun)極(ji)上(shang)。

大(da)多數(shu)塵粒(li)在(zai)電暈外區通過，獲得負(fu)電荷，沉積在(zai)陽(yang)極板上，當塵(chen)埃(ai)聚集到程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。