梅州濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)過低(di)，塵(chen)粒難以(yi)保持(chi)在(zai)集塵(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極上，致使其重返氣(qi)流(liu)。比電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)過高，到達(da)集塵(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極的塵(chen)粒電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷不易放出，在(zai)塵(chen)層之(zhi)間形成電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓梯度會產(chan)生(sheng)局部擊(ji)穿和放電(dian)(dian)(dian)現象(xiang)。

這(zhe)些情(qing)況(kuang)都(dou)會造成除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)效率下降。工作原(yuan)(yuan)理/靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器用強(qiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場使(shi)灰(hui)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)顆粒帶電(dian)(dian)(dian),在(zai)其通過除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)時,帶正/負電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)的(de)微粒分別被負/正電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)板(ban)吸(xi)附,即達到除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)目的(de).由(you)于輻射摩擦等原(yuan)(yuan)因(yin)，空氣(qi)中(zhong)含(han)有少(shao)量的(de)自由(you)離(li)(li)子(zi)，單靠這(zhe)些自由(you)離(li)(li)子(zi)是不可(ke)能使(shi)含(han)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)空氣(qi)中(zhong)的(de)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)粒充分荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)。因(yin)此(ci)，要利用靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)使(shi)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)分離(li)(li)須具備兩(liang)個(ge)基本條件，一是存在(zai)使(shi)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場；二是存在(zai)使(shi)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)顆粒分離(li)(li)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場。一般的(de)靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器采(cai)用荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場和分離(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場合(he)一的(de)方法，放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)的(de)金屬棒接(jie)高壓(ya)直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)負極(ji)，集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)極(ji)接(jie)地為正極(ji)，集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)極(ji)可(ke)以采(cai)用圓(yuan)管，也可(ke)以采(cai)用平(ping)板(ban)。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電(dian)壓(ya)升高到數(shu)值后，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)附(fu)近的離子(zi)(zi)(zi)獲得了較高的能量和(he)速度，它(ta)們撞擊空(kong)氣(qi)中的中性原(yuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)時(shi)，中性原(yuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)會分解成(cheng)正、負離子(zi)(zi)(zi)，這種現象(xiang)稱為(wei)空(kong)氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)離。空(kong)氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)離后，由(you)于聯鎖(suo)反應，在(zai)極(ji)(ji)間運(yun)動(dong)的離子(zi)(zi)(zi)數(shu)大(da)大(da)增加(jia)，表現為(wei)極(ji)(ji)間的電(dian)(dian)(dian)流急(ji)劇(ju)增加(jia)，空(kong)氣(qi)成(cheng)了導(dao)體。放電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)周(zhou)(zhou)圍(wei)的空(kong)氣(qi)全部電(dian)(dian)(dian)離后，在(zai)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)周(zhou)(zhou)圍(wei)可以看見一圈淡(dan)藍色的光(guang)環(huan)，這個(ge)光(guang)環(huan)稱為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈。電(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵(chen)器的電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈范圍(wei)通常局限(xian)于金屬(shu)棒周(zhou)(zhou)圍(wei)幾毫米處(chu)。

空氣(qi)在電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈范圍電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)(li)后(hou)，正離(li)(li)子很(hen)快向負極移(yi)動(dong)，只有負離(li)(li)子才(cai)會進入電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈外區，向陽極移(yi)動(dong)。含塵空氣(qi)通過電(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵器(qi)時，由于電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈區的范圍很(hen)小(xiao)，只有少量的塵粒在電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈區通過，獲得正電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷，沉積在電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈極上。

大多數塵粒在電暈(yun)外區通過，獲得負(fu)電荷，沉積在(zai)陽(yang)極板上，當塵埃聚集到程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。