柳州濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比(bi)電(dian)(dian)阻過低，塵(chen)(chen)(chen)粒難以保持在(zai)集塵(chen)(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)極上，致使(shi)其重返氣流。比(bi)電(dian)(dian)阻過高(gao)，到達集塵(chen)(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)極的塵(chen)(chen)(chen)粒電(dian)(dian)荷不(bu)易(yi)放(fang)出，在(zai)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)層(ceng)之(zhi)間形成電(dian)(dian)壓梯(ti)度會(hui)產(chan)生局部擊(ji)穿和放(fang)電(dian)(dian)現象(xiang)。

這些情況(kuang)都(dou)會造成除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)效率下降。工(gong)作(zuo)原(yuan)理/靜電(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)用(yong)(yong)強電(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)使灰塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)顆(ke)(ke)粒帶電(dian)(dian),在其通過除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)極(ji)時,帶正/負(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)荷的(de)(de)微(wei)粒分(fen)別被負(fu)(fu)/正電(dian)(dian)極(ji)板吸附,即(ji)達到除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)目的(de)(de).由(you)于輻(fu)射摩(mo)擦等原(yuan)因，空氣中(zhong)含(han)有少量的(de)(de)自由(you)離(li)子，單(dan)靠這些自由(you)離(li)子是不可(ke)能使含(han)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)空氣中(zhong)的(de)(de)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)粒充分(fen)荷電(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)。因此(ci)，要利用(yong)(yong)靜電(dian)(dian)使粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)分(fen)離(li)須具備兩個基本條(tiao)件，一(yi)是存在使粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)荷電(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)；二是存在使荷電(dian)(dian)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)顆(ke)(ke)粒分(fen)離(li)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)。一(yi)般(ban)的(de)(de)靜電(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)采用(yong)(yong)荷電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)和分(fen)離(li)電(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)合一(yi)的(de)(de)方法，放電(dian)(dian)極(ji)的(de)(de)金屬棒(bang)接高壓直流電(dian)(dian)源的(de)(de)負(fu)(fu)極(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)極(ji)接地為(wei)正極(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)極(ji)可(ke)以采用(yong)(yong)圓管，也可(ke)以采用(yong)(yong)平板。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電壓(ya)升高到(dao)數值后(hou)，放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極附(fu)近的(de)離(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)獲得了較高的(de)能(neng)量和速度，它(ta)們(men)撞擊空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)的(de)中(zhong)性原子(zi)(zi)(zi)時(shi)，中(zhong)性原子(zi)(zi)(zi)會(hui)分解成正、負離(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)，這種現(xian)象稱為(wei)空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)。空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)后(hou)，由(you)于(yu)聯(lian)鎖反應，在(zai)極間(jian)運動的(de)離(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)數大大增加(jia)(jia)，表(biao)現(xian)為(wei)極間(jian)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流急劇增加(jia)(jia)，空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)成了導體。放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極周圍(wei)的(de)空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)全部電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)后(hou)，在(zai)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極周圍(wei)可以(yi)看見一(yi)圈淡(dan)藍色(se)的(de)光環，這個(ge)光環稱為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)器的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈范(fan)圍(wei)通常(chang)局限于(yu)金屬棒周圍(wei)幾毫米(mi)處(chu)。

空(kong)氣在電暈(yun)范圍電離后，正離子很快向(xiang)負極移(yi)動，只(zhi)有(you)負離子才會進入電暈(yun)外區(qu)，向(xiang)陽極移(yi)動。含塵(chen)空(kong)氣通過電除塵(chen)器(qi)時，由(you)于電暈(yun)區(qu)的范圍很小(xiao)，只(zhi)有(you)少(shao)量的塵(chen)粒在電暈(yun)區(qu)通過，獲得正電荷，沉積在電暈(yun)極上(shang)。

大多數塵粒(li)在(zai)電(dian)暈外(wai)區通過(guo)，獲(huo)得(de)負(fu)電(dian)荷，沉積在陽(yang)極板上，當塵埃(ai)聚集到(dao)程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。