林芝濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比(bi)電阻過(guo)低，塵(chen)粒難以保持在集塵(chen)電極(ji)(ji)上，致使其重返氣(qi)流。比(bi)電阻過(guo)高，到達集塵(chen)電極(ji)(ji)的塵(chen)粒電荷不易放(fang)出，在塵(chen)層之間形成電壓梯(ti)度會產生局部(bu)擊穿(chuan)和放(fang)電現象。

這些情(qing)況都(dou)會(hui)造成除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)效(xiao)率(lv)下降。工作原理(li)/靜(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器用強電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)使(shi)(shi)灰塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)顆粒帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),在(zai)其通(tong)過除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)時,帶(dai)正(zheng)/負(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷的(de)(de)微粒分(fen)別被負(fu)/正(zheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)板(ban)吸附,即達到除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)目的(de)(de).由于輻(fu)射(she)摩擦等原因，空氣中含有(you)少量的(de)(de)自由離(li)子，單靠這些自由離(li)子是(shi)不(bu)可(ke)(ke)能使(shi)(shi)含塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)空氣中的(de)(de)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)粒充(chong)分(fen)荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)。因此，要利用靜(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使(shi)(shi)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)分(fen)離(li)須具備兩個基本(ben)條件，一(yi)是(shi)存在(zai)使(shi)(shi)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)；二是(shi)存在(zai)使(shi)(shi)荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)顆粒分(fen)離(li)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)。一(yi)般的(de)(de)靜(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器采(cai)(cai)用荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)和(he)分(fen)離(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)合(he)一(yi)的(de)(de)方法(fa)，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)金屬(shu)棒接高(gao)壓直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)(de)負(fu)極(ji)(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)極(ji)(ji)接地為正(zheng)極(ji)(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)極(ji)(ji)可(ke)(ke)以采(cai)(cai)用圓管(guan)，也可(ke)(ke)以采(cai)(cai)用平板(ban)。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電壓升高到數值后(hou)，放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極附近的(de)(de)(de)離(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)獲得了較高的(de)(de)(de)能量(liang)和速度，它們(men)撞(zhuang)擊空氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中的(de)(de)(de)中性原子(zi)(zi)(zi)時，中性原子(zi)(zi)(zi)會(hui)分(fen)解成(cheng)正、負離(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)，這種現象稱為空氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)。空氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)后(hou)，由于聯鎖(suo)反應(ying)，在極間(jian)運(yun)動的(de)(de)(de)離(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)數大(da)大(da)增加，表現為極間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流急劇增加，空氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)成(cheng)了導體(ti)。放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極周圍的(de)(de)(de)空氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)全部(bu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)后(hou)，在放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極周圍可以看見一圈淡(dan)藍色的(de)(de)(de)光環，這個光環稱為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵器的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈范圍通常局限于金(jin)屬棒周圍幾毫米(mi)處。

空氣(qi)在(zai)電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)(yun)(yun)范圍電(dian)(dian)離(li)(li)后，正(zheng)離(li)(li)子很快向負極(ji)移動(dong)，只有(you)負離(li)(li)子才會進(jin)入電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)(yun)(yun)外區，向陽極(ji)移動(dong)。含塵空氣(qi)通過電(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵器時(shi)，由于(yu)電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)(yun)(yun)區的范圍很小，只有(you)少量的塵粒在(zai)電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)(yun)(yun)區通過，獲得正(zheng)電(dian)(dian)荷(he)，沉積在(zai)電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)(yun)(yun)極(ji)上。

大多數塵(chen)粒在電暈外區通過，獲(huo)得負電荷，沉積在陽極板上，當(dang)塵埃聚集到程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。