遼陽濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比電(dian)阻過低(di)，塵(chen)粒難以(yi)保(bao)持在集塵(chen)電(dian)極上，致(zhi)使其重返氣流。比電(dian)阻過高，到達集塵(chen)電(dian)極的(de)塵(chen)粒電(dian)荷不(bu)易放出，在塵(chen)層之間形成電(dian)壓梯(ti)度會(hui)產生局部擊穿和(he)放電(dian)現象。

這些(xie)情(qing)況都(dou)會造成除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)效率下降。工作原理/靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)用強(qiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場使(shi)灰(hui)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)顆(ke)粒帶(dai)(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian),在(zai)其通(tong)過除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)時,帶(dai)(dai)正/負(fu)(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)(he)的(de)(de)微粒分別被負(fu)(fu)(fu)/正電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)板吸附(fu),即達(da)到除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)目的(de)(de).由(you)于輻射(she)摩擦等原因，空氣(qi)中含(han)有少(shao)量(liang)的(de)(de)自由(you)離子，單靠這些(xie)自由(you)離子是(shi)不可能使(shi)含(han)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)空氣(qi)中的(de)(de)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)粒充(chong)分荷(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)。因此，要(yao)利用靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)使(shi)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)分離須具備兩個基(ji)本條件，一(yi)是(shi)存(cun)在(zai)使(shi)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)荷(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場；二是(shi)存(cun)在(zai)使(shi)荷(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)顆(ke)粒分離的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場。一(yi)般的(de)(de)靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)采用荷(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場和分離電(dian)(dian)(dian)場合一(yi)的(de)(de)方(fang)法，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)的(de)(de)金屬棒接高(gao)壓直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)(de)負(fu)(fu)(fu)極(ji)，集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)極(ji)接地為正極(ji)，集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)極(ji)可以采用圓(yuan)管，也可以采用平板。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電壓升高到數(shu)值后(hou)，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)附近的(de)離(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)獲得了(le)較高(gao)的(de)能量和速度，它們撞(zhuang)擊空(kong)氣(qi)中(zhong)的(de)中(zhong)性原(yuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)時(shi)，中(zhong)性原(yuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)會分(fen)解成(cheng)正、負離(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)，這種(zhong)現象(xiang)稱為(wei)(wei)(wei)空(kong)氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)(li)(li)。空(kong)氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)(li)(li)后(hou)，由于(yu)聯(lian)鎖(suo)反應，在(zai)極(ji)(ji)間(jian)運動的(de)離(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)數(shu)大(da)大(da)增(zeng)加(jia)，表(biao)現為(wei)(wei)(wei)極(ji)(ji)間(jian)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)急劇增(zeng)加(jia)，空(kong)氣(qi)成(cheng)了(le)導(dao)體。放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)周(zhou)圍(wei)的(de)空(kong)氣(qi)全部電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)(li)(li)后(hou)，在(zai)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)周(zhou)圍(wei)可以看見一圈(quan)淡藍色的(de)光(guang)環(huan)，這個光(guang)環(huan)稱為(wei)(wei)(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵器的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)范圍(wei)通常局(ju)限于(yu)金(jin)屬棒周(zhou)圍(wei)幾毫米處。

空(kong)氣在(zai)電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)范(fan)圍電(dian)(dian)離(li)后，正(zheng)離(li)子(zi)很快向負極(ji)移動，只有(you)負離(li)子(zi)才會進入電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)外區(qu)，向陽極(ji)移動。含塵空(kong)氣通過電(dian)(dian)除塵器時，由于電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)區(qu)的(de)范(fan)圍很小(xiao)，只有(you)少量的(de)塵粒在(zai)電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)區(qu)通過，獲得正(zheng)電(dian)(dian)荷，沉積在(zai)電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)極(ji)上。

大多(duo)數塵粒在電暈(yun)外(wai)區通過(guo)，獲得負電荷(he)，沉積(ji)在陽極(ji)板上，當塵(chen)埃聚集到程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。