樂東黎族自治縣濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比電(dian)阻過低(di)，塵粒難(nan)以保持(chi)在(zai)集塵電(dian)極上，致使其(qi)重(zhong)返氣流。比電(dian)阻過高，到達集塵電(dian)極的塵粒電(dian)荷(he)不易放出，在(zai)塵層之間(jian)形成(cheng)電(dian)壓梯度會產生局(ju)部(bu)擊穿和(he)放電(dian)現(xian)象。

這(zhe)些情(qing)況都會造(zao)成除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)效率(lv)下降。工作(zuo)原理/靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器用(yong)強電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)使(shi)灰塵(chen)(chen)(chen)顆粒(li)(li)帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),在(zai)其(qi)通過除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)時(shi),帶正/負電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)的(de)微(wei)粒(li)(li)分(fen)(fen)(fen)別被負/正電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)板吸(xi)附,即達到(dao)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)目(mu)的(de).由(you)于輻射摩擦等原因，空氣(qi)(qi)中含有少(shao)量的(de)自(zi)由(you)離(li)子(zi)，單(dan)靠這(zhe)些自(zi)由(you)離(li)子(zi)是(shi)不可(ke)能(neng)使(shi)含塵(chen)(chen)(chen)空氣(qi)(qi)中的(de)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)粒(li)(li)充分(fen)(fen)(fen)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)。因此(ci)，要利用(yong)靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使(shi)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)分(fen)(fen)(fen)離(li)須(xu)具備兩個基(ji)本條件，一是(shi)存在(zai)使(shi)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)；二是(shi)存在(zai)使(shi)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)顆粒(li)(li)分(fen)(fen)(fen)離(li)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)。一般(ban)的(de)靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器采用(yong)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)和分(fen)(fen)(fen)離(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)合一的(de)方(fang)法，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)的(de)金屬(shu)棒接(jie)高壓直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)負極(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)(chen)極(ji)接(jie)地為正極(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)(chen)極(ji)可(ke)以采用(yong)圓管，也可(ke)以采用(yong)平板。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電壓升(sheng)高到(dao)數值后(hou)，放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)附近的(de)(de)離(li)子(zi)(zi)獲得了較高的(de)(de)能量(liang)和速(su)度，它們撞擊空(kong)氣(qi)中(zhong)的(de)(de)中(zhong)性原(yuan)子(zi)(zi)時，中(zhong)性原(yuan)子(zi)(zi)會分解成正、負離(li)子(zi)(zi)，這種現象稱為(wei)空(kong)氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)。空(kong)氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)后(hou)，由于聯鎖反(fan)應，在極(ji)間運動的(de)(de)離(li)子(zi)(zi)數大大增(zeng)加，表(biao)現為(wei)極(ji)間的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流急劇(ju)增(zeng)加，空(kong)氣(qi)成了導體。放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)周(zhou)(zhou)圍的(de)(de)空(kong)氣(qi)全部電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)后(hou)，在放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)周(zhou)(zhou)圍可以看見(jian)一圈淡(dan)藍色的(de)(de)光環(huan)，這個(ge)光環(huan)稱為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵器的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)范圍通常局限于金屬棒(bang)周(zhou)(zhou)圍幾(ji)毫米處。

空(kong)氣在(zai)電暈(yun)范(fan)(fan)圍電離(li)(li)后，正(zheng)離(li)(li)子(zi)很快向負極(ji)(ji)(ji)移動，只有負離(li)(li)子(zi)才會進(jin)入電暈(yun)外區(qu)，向陽(yang)極(ji)(ji)(ji)移動。含塵(chen)空(kong)氣通過電除塵(chen)器時，由于電暈(yun)區(qu)的范(fan)(fan)圍很小(xiao)，只有少量(liang)的塵(chen)粒在(zai)電暈(yun)區(qu)通過，獲(huo)得正(zheng)電荷，沉(chen)積在(zai)電暈(yun)極(ji)(ji)(ji)上(shang)。

大多數塵粒在電暈外區通(tong)過，獲得負電荷，沉積在陽極板上，當塵埃聚(ju)集到程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。