酒泉濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比(bi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻過低，塵粒難以保持在集(ji)塵電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)上，致使其重返氣流(liu)。比(bi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻過高，到達集(ji)塵電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)的(de)塵粒電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷不易(yi)放(fang)出，在塵層之間形(xing)成電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓梯(ti)度會(hui)產生局部擊穿和放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)現象(xiang)。

這些情況都會造成除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)效(xiao)率下降(jiang)。工作(zuo)原理/靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器用強電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)使(shi)灰(hui)塵(chen)(chen)顆(ke)粒帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),在其通過除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)時,帶正(zheng)(zheng)/負電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)(he)的(de)(de)(de)微粒分(fen)(fen)(fen)別被負/正(zheng)(zheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)板吸附,即達到除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)目的(de)(de)(de).由(you)于輻射摩擦等原因，空氣中含有少量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)自由(you)離(li)(li)子(zi)，單靠這些自由(you)離(li)(li)子(zi)是不可(ke)能使(shi)含塵(chen)(chen)空氣中的(de)(de)(de)塵(chen)(chen)粒充分(fen)(fen)(fen)荷(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)。因此，要利用靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使(shi)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)分(fen)(fen)(fen)離(li)(li)須(xu)具備(bei)兩個基本條件，一(yi)(yi)是存(cun)在使(shi)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)荷(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)；二是存(cun)在使(shi)荷(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)顆(ke)粒分(fen)(fen)(fen)離(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)。一(yi)(yi)般(ban)的(de)(de)(de)靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器采(cai)用荷(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)和分(fen)(fen)(fen)離(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)合(he)一(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)方法(fa)，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)金屬棒接高壓直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)(de)(de)負極(ji)(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)極(ji)(ji)接地為正(zheng)(zheng)極(ji)(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)極(ji)(ji)可(ke)以采(cai)用圓管，也可(ke)以采(cai)用平板。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電壓升高到數(shu)值后，放電(dian)極(ji)附近的(de)(de)離子(zi)獲得了較高的(de)(de)能量(liang)和速(su)度，它們(men)撞(zhuang)擊空(kong)氣(qi)中(zhong)的(de)(de)中(zhong)性(xing)原(yuan)子(zi)時(shi)，中(zhong)性(xing)原(yuan)子(zi)會分解成正、負離子(zi)，這種現象稱為空(kong)氣(qi)電(dian)離。空(kong)氣(qi)電(dian)離后，由(you)于聯鎖(suo)反應，在極(ji)間(jian)運動的(de)(de)離子(zi)數(shu)大(da)大(da)增(zeng)加，表現為極(ji)間(jian)的(de)(de)電(dian)流急劇增(zeng)加，空(kong)氣(qi)成了導體。放電(dian)極(ji)周圍(wei)(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)空(kong)氣(qi)全部電(dian)離后，在放電(dian)極(ji)周圍(wei)(wei)(wei)可(ke)以(yi)看見(jian)一圈(quan)淡(dan)藍(lan)色的(de)(de)光環(huan)，這個光環(huan)稱為電(dian)暈。電(dian)除塵器的(de)(de)電(dian)暈范(fan)圍(wei)(wei)(wei)通常局限于金(jin)屬棒周圍(wei)(wei)(wei)幾毫米處。

空(kong)氣在電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)(yun)(yun)范圍(wei)電(dian)(dian)離(li)后(hou)，正離(li)子很(hen)快(kuai)向負極移動，只有(you)負離(li)子才會進入(ru)電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)(yun)(yun)外區(qu)，向陽極移動。含(han)塵(chen)空(kong)氣通過(guo)電(dian)(dian)除塵(chen)器時，由于電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)(yun)(yun)區(qu)的范圍(wei)很(hen)小，只有(you)少量的塵(chen)粒在電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)(yun)(yun)區(qu)通過(guo)，獲得正電(dian)(dian)荷，沉積(ji)在電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)(yun)(yun)極上(shang)。

大多數(shu)塵粒在(zai)電暈外區通過，獲得負電荷(he)，沉積在陽極板上，當塵(chen)埃聚集到程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。