濟寧濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻過低，塵粒難以保持在(zai)集(ji)塵電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極上，致使其(qi)重返氣流。比電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻過高，到達集(ji)塵電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極的塵粒電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷不易放出，在(zai)塵層之間形成電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓梯度會產(chan)生局部(bu)擊穿和放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)現象。

這(zhe)些情(qing)況都會造(zao)成除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)效率(lv)下降。工作原理/靜(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器用(yong)強電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)使(shi)灰塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)顆(ke)粒帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),在(zai)其通過除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)時,帶正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)/負電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷的(de)(de)(de)微粒分別被負/正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)板吸(xi)附(fu),即達到除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de).由(you)于(yu)輻射摩擦等原因，空氣中(zhong)含有少量的(de)(de)(de)自由(you)離子，單靠這(zhe)些自由(you)離子是不可(ke)能使(shi)含塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)空氣中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)粒充分荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)。因此，要利用(yong)靜(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使(shi)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)分離須(xu)具(ju)備(bei)兩個基(ji)本條(tiao)件(jian)，一(yi)(yi)是存在(zai)使(shi)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)；二是存在(zai)使(shi)荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)顆(ke)粒分離的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)。一(yi)(yi)般的(de)(de)(de)靜(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器采用(yong)荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)和(he)分離電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)合一(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)方法，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)金屬棒接高壓直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)負極(ji)(ji)，集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)極(ji)(ji)接地為正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)極(ji)(ji)，集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)極(ji)(ji)可(ke)以采用(yong)圓管，也(ye)可(ke)以采用(yong)平(ping)板。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電(dian)壓升高到數值(zhi)后，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)附近(jin)的(de)(de)(de)離(li)子(zi)獲得了(le)較高的(de)(de)(de)能(neng)量和速度，它(ta)們撞(zhuang)擊空(kong)氣中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)性原(yuan)子(zi)時，中(zhong)性原(yuan)子(zi)會分(fen)解成正、負離(li)子(zi)，這種現(xian)象稱(cheng)為空(kong)氣電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)。空(kong)氣電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)后，由(you)于聯鎖(suo)反應，在極(ji)間運動的(de)(de)(de)離(li)子(zi)數大(da)大(da)增加(jia)(jia)，表現(xian)為極(ji)間的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)急劇增加(jia)(jia)，空(kong)氣成了(le)導體(ti)。放電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)周(zhou)圍的(de)(de)(de)空(kong)氣全部電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)后，在放電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)周(zhou)圍可以看見一圈淡藍色的(de)(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)環，這個光(guang)(guang)環稱(cheng)為電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈。電(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵(chen)器的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈范圍通常局限于金屬棒(bang)周(zhou)圍幾毫米處。

空氣在(zai)(zai)電(dian)暈(yun)(yun)范圍電(dian)離(li)后，正離(li)子(zi)很(hen)(hen)快(kuai)向負(fu)極移動(dong)，只有(you)負(fu)離(li)子(zi)才(cai)會進入電(dian)暈(yun)(yun)外區，向陽極移動(dong)。含塵(chen)空氣通(tong)過(guo)(guo)電(dian)除塵(chen)器(qi)時(shi)，由于電(dian)暈(yun)(yun)區的范圍很(hen)(hen)小，只有(you)少(shao)量的塵(chen)粒在(zai)(zai)電(dian)暈(yun)(yun)區通(tong)過(guo)(guo)，獲得(de)正電(dian)荷，沉積(ji)在(zai)(zai)電(dian)暈(yun)(yun)極上(shang)。

大多數塵粒在(zai)電暈外區通過，獲得負電荷(he)，沉(chen)積在(zai)陽極(ji)板上，當(dang)塵埃(ai)聚集到程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。