嘉峪關濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比(bi)電(dian)阻過低(di)，塵(chen)粒難以保持在(zai)集(ji)塵(chen)電(dian)極(ji)上，致(zhi)使(shi)其重(zhong)返(fan)氣流。比(bi)電(dian)阻過高，到達集(ji)塵(chen)電(dian)極(ji)的塵(chen)粒電(dian)荷不(bu)易放(fang)出，在(zai)塵(chen)層之間(jian)形成電(dian)壓梯度會產生(sheng)局(ju)部擊穿和放(fang)電(dian)現象。

這些情況都會造成除(chu)塵(chen)效(xiao)率(lv)下(xia)降。工作原理/靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)用強電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)使(shi)(shi)灰塵(chen)顆(ke)粒(li)(li)帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),在其(qi)通過除(chu)塵(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)時,帶(dai)正(zheng)/負(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)(he)(he)的(de)(de)(de)微(wei)(wei)粒(li)(li)分(fen)(fen)別被負(fu)/正(zheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)板吸附(fu),即達到除(chu)塵(chen)目的(de)(de)(de).由(you)(you)于(yu)輻射摩擦等原因，空(kong)氣中(zhong)含有少量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)自由(you)(you)離(li)(li)子(zi)，單靠這些自由(you)(you)離(li)(li)子(zi)是不可能使(shi)(shi)含塵(chen)空(kong)氣中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)塵(chen)粒(li)(li)充分(fen)(fen)荷(he)(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)。因此，要利用靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使(shi)(shi)粉(fen)塵(chen)分(fen)(fen)離(li)(li)須具(ju)備兩個基本條件，一(yi)是存在使(shi)(shi)粉(fen)塵(chen)荷(he)(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)；二是存在使(shi)(shi)荷(he)(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉(fen)塵(chen)顆(ke)粒(li)(li)分(fen)(fen)離(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)。一(yi)般的(de)(de)(de)靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)采用荷(he)(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)和分(fen)(fen)離(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)合一(yi)的(de)(de)(de)方法，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)金(jin)屬(shu)棒(bang)接(jie)(jie)高壓直(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)(de)(de)負(fu)極(ji)(ji)，集塵(chen)極(ji)(ji)接(jie)(jie)地(di)為正(zheng)極(ji)(ji)，集塵(chen)極(ji)(ji)可以采用圓管(guan)，也可以采用平板。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電(dian)壓升高(gao)到數(shu)值后(hou)(hou)，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)附近的(de)(de)(de)(de)離(li)子(zi)獲得了較高的(de)(de)(de)(de)能量和速度，它們(men)撞擊空(kong)(kong)(kong)氣中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)性(xing)原子(zi)時，中(zhong)性(xing)原子(zi)會分解(jie)成正、負離(li)子(zi)，這種現象(xiang)稱(cheng)為(wei)空(kong)(kong)(kong)氣電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)。空(kong)(kong)(kong)氣電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)后(hou)(hou)，由于(yu)聯(lian)鎖反應，在極(ji)間運(yun)動的(de)(de)(de)(de)離(li)子(zi)數(shu)大大增(zeng)加，表現為(wei)極(ji)間的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流急劇增(zeng)加，空(kong)(kong)(kong)氣成了導體。放電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)周(zhou)圍的(de)(de)(de)(de)空(kong)(kong)(kong)氣全部(bu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)后(hou)(hou)，在放電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)周(zhou)圍可(ke)以(yi)看(kan)見一圈淡藍(lan)色的(de)(de)(de)(de)光環，這個光環稱(cheng)為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈。電(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵器的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈范圍通常局限于(yu)金屬棒周(zhou)圍幾毫米(mi)處。

空氣在電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)范圍(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)離后，正(zheng)離子很快向負極移動(dong)(dong)，只有(you)負離子才(cai)會進入電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)外區(qu)，向陽極移動(dong)(dong)。含塵(chen)空氣通過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵(chen)器時(shi)，由(you)于(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)區(qu)的范圍(wei)很小，只有(you)少量的塵(chen)粒在電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)區(qu)通過(guo)，獲得正(zheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷，沉積(ji)在電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)極上。

大多(duo)數(shu)塵粒(li)在電暈外區(qu)通過，獲得負電荷，沉積在陽極板上，當塵埃聚集到程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。