江門濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比電(dian)(dian)阻過低，塵(chen)粒難(nan)以保持(chi)在(zai)集(ji)塵(chen)電(dian)(dian)極(ji)上，致使其重返氣流。比電(dian)(dian)阻過高，到達集(ji)塵(chen)電(dian)(dian)極(ji)的塵(chen)粒電(dian)(dian)荷不易放(fang)出，在(zai)塵(chen)層之間形成電(dian)(dian)壓梯(ti)度會產生局部擊(ji)穿(chuan)和放(fang)電(dian)(dian)現象。

這(zhe)些(xie)情(qing)況(kuang)都會造成(cheng)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)效率下降(jiang)。工作原(yuan)理/靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)用(yong)強電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)使(shi)(shi)灰塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)顆粒(li)帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),在其通過(guo)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)時,帶(dai)正(zheng)/負電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)的(de)(de)微粒(li)分別(bie)被負/正(zheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)板吸附,即達(da)到除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)目的(de)(de).由(you)于輻射摩擦等原(yuan)因(yin)(yin)，空氣(qi)中含有少(shao)量的(de)(de)自由(you)離(li)子，單(dan)靠這(zhe)些(xie)自由(you)離(li)子是不可能使(shi)(shi)含塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)空氣(qi)中的(de)(de)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)粒(li)充分荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)。因(yin)(yin)此，要利用(yong)靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使(shi)(shi)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)分離(li)須具備(bei)兩(liang)個基本(ben)條件，一是存(cun)在使(shi)(shi)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)；二是存(cun)在使(shi)(shi)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)顆粒(li)分離(li)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)。一般的(de)(de)靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)采用(yong)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)和分離(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)合(he)一的(de)(de)方(fang)法，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)的(de)(de)金屬(shu)棒(bang)接高(gao)壓(ya)直(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)的(de)(de)負極(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)極(ji)接地為正(zheng)極(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)極(ji)可以采用(yong)圓管，也可以采用(yong)平板。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電壓升高(gao)到數值后，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)附近的離(li)(li)子獲得(de)了較高(gao)的能量和速度(du)，它(ta)們撞擊空(kong)氣中(zhong)的中(zhong)性原(yuan)子時，中(zhong)性原(yuan)子會分(fen)解(jie)成正、負離(li)(li)子，這(zhe)種現(xian)象(xiang)稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)空(kong)氣電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)(li)。空(kong)氣電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)(li)后，由(you)于聯鎖反應，在(zai)極(ji)間運動的離(li)(li)子數大(da)大(da)增加，表現(xian)為(wei)(wei)極(ji)間的電(dian)(dian)(dian)流急(ji)劇增加，空(kong)氣成了導體。放電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)周圍(wei)(wei)的空(kong)氣全部電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)(li)后，在(zai)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)周圍(wei)(wei)可以(yi)看見一圈淡藍色的光環，這(zhe)個光環稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵器的電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)范(fan)圍(wei)(wei)通常(chang)局限于金屬棒周圍(wei)(wei)幾毫米處。

空(kong)氣(qi)在電(dian)暈范圍電(dian)離后，正離子很快(kuai)向負極(ji)移(yi)動，只(zhi)有負離子才會進入電(dian)暈外(wai)區，向陽極(ji)移(yi)動。含塵空(kong)氣(qi)通過電(dian)除塵器時，由于電(dian)暈區的(de)范圍很小，只(zhi)有少量的(de)塵粒在電(dian)暈區通過，獲得正電(dian)荷(he)，沉(chen)積在電(dian)暈極(ji)上。

大多(duo)數塵粒在電(dian)暈外區通過，獲(huo)得負電(dian)荷，沉積在陽(yang)極板上(shang)，當塵埃聚集到程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。