呼和浩特濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻過(guo)低，塵(chen)粒難以保持在(zai)集塵(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)上(shang)，致(zhi)使(shi)其重返氣流。比電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻過(guo)高(gao)，到(dao)達集塵(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)的塵(chen)粒電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷不易放出，在(zai)塵(chen)層(ceng)之間形成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)梯度會產(chan)生(sheng)局部擊穿和(he)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)現象(xiang)。

這些(xie)情況(kuang)都會造成除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)效率(lv)下(xia)降(jiang)。工作原(yuan)理(li)/靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器用(yong)強(qiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)使(shi)(shi)(shi)灰塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)顆粒(li)(li)帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),在(zai)其通過除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)時,帶(dai)正(zheng)/負(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷的(de)(de)微粒(li)(li)分(fen)別(bie)被負(fu)/正(zheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)板吸附,即達到(dao)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)目的(de)(de).由于輻射摩擦等(deng)原(yuan)因，空氣中含有少(shao)量的(de)(de)自由離子，單靠這些(xie)自由離子是不可(ke)能使(shi)(shi)(shi)含塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)空氣中的(de)(de)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)粒(li)(li)充分(fen)荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)。因此，要利用(yong)靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使(shi)(shi)(shi)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)分(fen)離須具備兩個基本(ben)條件(jian)，一是存在(zai)使(shi)(shi)(shi)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)；二是存在(zai)使(shi)(shi)(shi)荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)顆粒(li)(li)分(fen)離的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)。一般(ban)的(de)(de)靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器采(cai)用(yong)荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)和分(fen)離電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)合一的(de)(de)方法，放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)的(de)(de)金屬(shu)棒接(jie)高壓直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)的(de)(de)負(fu)極(ji)，集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)極(ji)接(jie)地為正(zheng)極(ji)，集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)極(ji)可(ke)以采(cai)用(yong)圓管，也可(ke)以采(cai)用(yong)平板。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電壓升高到數(shu)值后，放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)附(fu)近的(de)離子(zi)(zi)獲得(de)了較高的(de)能量和速度，它們撞擊空氣(qi)(qi)中(zhong)的(de)中(zhong)性原子(zi)(zi)時，中(zhong)性原子(zi)(zi)會(hui)分解成(cheng)正(zheng)、負離子(zi)(zi)，這(zhe)種現象稱(cheng)為空氣(qi)(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)離。空氣(qi)(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)離后，由于(yu)聯鎖(suo)反應，在極(ji)間運動的(de)離子(zi)(zi)數(shu)大大增(zeng)(zeng)加，表(biao)現為極(ji)間的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流急劇增(zeng)(zeng)加，空氣(qi)(qi)成(cheng)了導體。放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)周圍的(de)空氣(qi)(qi)全(quan)部(bu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)離后，在放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)周圍可以看見(jian)一圈淡藍色的(de)光(guang)(guang)環(huan)，這(zhe)個(ge)光(guang)(guang)環(huan)稱(cheng)為電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈。電(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵器(qi)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈范圍通常局限于(yu)金屬棒周圍幾毫米處。

空氣在電(dian)暈范圍電(dian)離(li)后，正(zheng)(zheng)離(li)子很(hen)快向(xiang)(xiang)負(fu)極移動(dong)，只(zhi)有(you)負(fu)離(li)子才會(hui)進入電(dian)暈外區，向(xiang)(xiang)陽極移動(dong)。含塵(chen)空氣通過電(dian)除塵(chen)器(qi)時(shi)，由(you)于(yu)電(dian)暈區的范圍很(hen)小(xiao)，只(zhi)有(you)少量的塵(chen)粒在電(dian)暈區通過，獲得正(zheng)(zheng)電(dian)荷，沉(chen)積在電(dian)暈極上。

大(da)多(duo)數塵粒(li)在電(dian)暈外區通過，獲得負(fu)電(dian)荷，沉積在陽極板上，當(dang)塵埃聚集到程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。