湖北濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比電(dian)阻過低，塵粒難以保持(chi)在集塵電(dian)極上，致(zhi)使其重返氣流。比電(dian)阻過高，到達(da)集塵電(dian)極的塵粒電(dian)荷不(bu)易放出，在塵層之間形成電(dian)壓梯(ti)度會產生(sheng)局部擊(ji)穿和放電(dian)現象。

這些情況都會造成(cheng)除塵(chen)(chen)效(xiao)率下降。工作原(yuan)理/靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)用(yong)(yong)強電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)使(shi)灰塵(chen)(chen)顆(ke)(ke)粒(li)帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),在(zai)其通過(guo)除塵(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)時(shi),帶正(zheng)/負電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)的(de)(de)(de)微粒(li)分別被(bei)負/正(zheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)板吸(xi)附,即達到除塵(chen)(chen)目的(de)(de)(de).由于輻射摩(mo)擦(ca)等原(yuan)因，空氣(qi)中(zhong)含(han)有少量的(de)(de)(de)自(zi)由離(li)子，單靠這些自(zi)由離(li)子是不(bu)可(ke)能使(shi)含(han)塵(chen)(chen)空氣(qi)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)塵(chen)(chen)粒(li)充分荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)。因此，要(yao)利用(yong)(yong)靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使(shi)粉塵(chen)(chen)分離(li)須具備兩個基(ji)本條件，一是存(cun)在(zai)使(shi)粉塵(chen)(chen)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)；二(er)是存(cun)在(zai)使(shi)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉塵(chen)(chen)顆(ke)(ke)粒(li)分離(li)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)。一般的(de)(de)(de)靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)和分離(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)合一的(de)(de)(de)方法，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)金屬棒接(jie)高(gao)壓直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)(de)(de)負極(ji)(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)極(ji)(ji)接(jie)地(di)為正(zheng)極(ji)(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)極(ji)(ji)可(ke)以(yi)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)圓管，也可(ke)以(yi)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)平板。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電壓升高到數值(zhi)后，放(fang)電(dian)(dian)極附近的(de)(de)(de)離(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)獲(huo)得了較高的(de)(de)(de)能量和速度，它們撞擊空(kong)氣中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)性原(yuan)子(zi)(zi)時，中(zhong)性原(yuan)子(zi)(zi)會分解成正、負離(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)，這(zhe)種現(xian)象稱為空(kong)氣電(dian)(dian)離(li)(li)。空(kong)氣電(dian)(dian)離(li)(li)后，由(you)于聯鎖反應，在極間運動的(de)(de)(de)離(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)數大(da)大(da)增(zeng)加(jia)，表現(xian)為極間的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)流急劇(ju)增(zeng)加(jia)，空(kong)氣成了導體。放(fang)電(dian)(dian)極周(zhou)圍的(de)(de)(de)空(kong)氣全(quan)部電(dian)(dian)離(li)(li)后，在放(fang)電(dian)(dian)極周(zhou)圍可以看見一(yi)圈淡藍色的(de)(de)(de)光環，這(zhe)個光環稱為電(dian)(dian)暈。電(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵器的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)暈范圍通常局限于金屬(shu)棒(bang)周(zhou)圍幾毫米處。

空氣在電(dian)暈(yun)范(fan)圍電(dian)離(li)后，正(zheng)離(li)子很快向負極(ji)移動，只有(you)負離(li)子才(cai)會進入電(dian)暈(yun)外區，向陽極(ji)移動。含(han)塵空氣通(tong)過(guo)電(dian)除塵器時，由于(yu)電(dian)暈(yun)區的(de)(de)范(fan)圍很小，只有(you)少量(liang)的(de)(de)塵粒(li)在電(dian)暈(yun)區通(tong)過(guo)，獲得正(zheng)電(dian)荷(he)，沉(chen)積(ji)在電(dian)暈(yun)極(ji)上。

大(da)多數(shu)塵粒在電暈外區通過，獲得負電荷，沉積在陽極板(ban)上，當塵埃聚(ju)集到程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。