河源濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比(bi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)過低(di)，塵粒難以(yi)保持(chi)在集塵電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極上，致使(shi)其重(zhong)返氣(qi)流。比(bi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)過高，到(dao)達集塵電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極的(de)塵粒電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷不易放(fang)出(chu)，在塵層之間形成電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓梯度會產生局部擊穿和放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)現象。

這(zhe)些(xie)情況(kuang)都(dou)會造成除塵(chen)(chen)效率下降。工作(zuo)原理/靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)用強電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)使灰塵(chen)(chen)顆粒(li)帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),在(zai)其通過除塵(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)時,帶(dai)正(zheng)(zheng)/負電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)(he)(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)微粒(li)分(fen)(fen)別被負/正(zheng)(zheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)板(ban)吸(xi)附,即達到除塵(chen)(chen)目的(de)(de)(de)(de).由于(yu)輻(fu)射摩擦等原因，空氣中含有少量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)自(zi)由離子，單(dan)靠這(zhe)些(xie)自(zi)由離子是(shi)不(bu)可能使含塵(chen)(chen)空氣中的(de)(de)(de)(de)塵(chen)(chen)粒(li)充(chong)分(fen)(fen)荷(he)(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)。因此，要利用靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)分(fen)(fen)離須具備兩個基本條件，一(yi)是(shi)存在(zai)使粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)荷(he)(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)；二是(shi)存在(zai)使荷(he)(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)顆粒(li)分(fen)(fen)離的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)。一(yi)般的(de)(de)(de)(de)靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)采(cai)用荷(he)(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)和分(fen)(fen)離電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)合一(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)方法(fa)，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)金(jin)屬棒接高(gao)壓直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)(de)(de)(de)負極(ji)(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)極(ji)(ji)接地(di)為正(zheng)(zheng)極(ji)(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)極(ji)(ji)可以(yi)采(cai)用圓管，也可以(yi)采(cai)用平(ping)板(ban)。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電壓升高(gao)到數值(zhi)后(hou)，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)附近的離(li)子獲得了(le)較高的能(neng)量和速度(du)，它們撞擊(ji)空(kong)氣(qi)中(zhong)的中(zhong)性原子時，中(zhong)性原子會分解成(cheng)正、負離(li)子，這種(zhong)現象稱為空(kong)氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)。空(kong)氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)后(hou)，由于(yu)聯鎖反應，在極(ji)間運動(dong)的離(li)子數大大增(zeng)(zeng)加，表現為極(ji)間的電(dian)(dian)(dian)流急劇增(zeng)(zeng)加，空(kong)氣(qi)成(cheng)了(le)導體。放電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)周(zhou)圍(wei)的空(kong)氣(qi)全部電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)后(hou)，在放電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)周(zhou)圍(wei)可以(yi)看(kan)見一圈淡藍(lan)色的光(guang)環，這個光(guang)環稱為電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈。電(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵器的電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈范圍(wei)通常局(ju)限(xian)于(yu)金屬(shu)棒周(zhou)圍(wei)幾毫米處。

空氣在(zai)電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)范圍(wei)電(dian)(dian)離后(hou)，正離子很(hen)快向(xiang)負(fu)極(ji)移動，只(zhi)有負(fu)離子才會進(jin)入電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)外區(qu)，向(xiang)陽極(ji)移動。含塵空氣通過(guo)電(dian)(dian)除塵器時，由于電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)區(qu)的范圍(wei)很(hen)小(xiao)，只(zhi)有少(shao)量的塵粒在(zai)電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)區(qu)通過(guo)，獲(huo)得正電(dian)(dian)荷，沉積在(zai)電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)極(ji)上。

大(da)多數塵粒在電暈外區通過，獲得(de)負電荷，沉積在陽極板上(shang)，當塵埃(ai)聚集到程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。