河南濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比(bi)(bi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻過低(di)，塵(chen)(chen)粒難以保持在集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極上，致使其重(zhong)返(fan)氣流。比(bi)(bi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻過高，到達集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極的(de)塵(chen)(chen)粒電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷不易放出，在塵(chen)(chen)層之間形成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓梯度會產生局(ju)部擊穿和(he)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)現象。

這些(xie)(xie)情(qing)況都(dou)會造成除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)效率(lv)下降。工(gong)作原理/靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)用(yong)強電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場使(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)顆(ke)粒帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),在其通(tong)過除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)時,帶正(zheng)/負電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷的(de)微粒分(fen)別被負/正(zheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)板吸附,即達(da)到除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)目的(de).由(you)于(yu)輻(fu)射摩擦等(deng)原因(yin)，空(kong)氣中含有少量的(de)自由(you)離(li)子，單靠這些(xie)(xie)自由(you)離(li)子是(shi)不可(ke)能使(shi)(shi)(shi)含塵(chen)(chen)(chen)空(kong)氣中的(de)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)粒充分(fen)荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)。因(yin)此(ci)，要利用(yong)靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使(shi)(shi)(shi)粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)分(fen)離(li)須具備兩個(ge)基本條件，一是(shi)存在使(shi)(shi)(shi)粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場；二是(shi)存在使(shi)(shi)(shi)荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)顆(ke)粒分(fen)離(li)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場。一般的(de)靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場和分(fen)離(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場合(he)一的(de)方法(fa)，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)的(de)金屬棒接高(gao)壓直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)負極(ji)(ji)，集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)極(ji)(ji)接地為正(zheng)極(ji)(ji)，集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)極(ji)(ji)可(ke)以采(cai)(cai)用(yong)圓管，也(ye)可(ke)以采(cai)(cai)用(yong)平板。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電壓(ya)升高到(dao)數值后(hou)，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)附近的(de)(de)離(li)子(zi)獲得了較高的(de)(de)能量和速度，它們撞擊空(kong)氣(qi)中(zhong)的(de)(de)中(zhong)性(xing)原(yuan)子(zi)時，中(zhong)性(xing)原(yuan)子(zi)會(hui)分解成正(zheng)、負離(li)子(zi)，這種現象(xiang)稱(cheng)為空(kong)氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)。空(kong)氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)后(hou)，由于聯(lian)鎖反應，在極(ji)(ji)間運(yun)動(dong)的(de)(de)離(li)子(zi)數大大增加，表現為極(ji)(ji)間的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)急劇增加，空(kong)氣(qi)成了導(dao)體。放電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)周圍(wei)的(de)(de)空(kong)氣(qi)全部電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)后(hou)，在放電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)周圍(wei)可以看見一圈淡(dan)藍色的(de)(de)光環，這個光環稱(cheng)為電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈。電(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵器的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈范(fan)圍(wei)通常局限于金屬棒周圍(wei)幾毫米處。

空(kong)氣在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)范圍電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)后，正離(li)子很(hen)快向(xiang)負極移(yi)(yi)動，只(zhi)有負離(li)子才會進入電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)外區(qu)(qu)，向(xiang)陽極移(yi)(yi)動。含塵(chen)空(kong)氣通過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵(chen)器(qi)時，由(you)于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)區(qu)(qu)的范圍很(hen)小，只(zhi)有少量的塵(chen)粒在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)區(qu)(qu)通過(guo)，獲得正電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷，沉積在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)極上。

大多(duo)數塵粒在(zai)電暈外區通過(guo)，獲得負電荷，沉積(ji)在陽極板上，當塵(chen)埃聚集到程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。