黑河濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比(bi)電(dian)阻(zu)過(guo)低，塵粒難以保持在(zai)集(ji)塵電(dian)極上，致使(shi)其重返氣(qi)流。比(bi)電(dian)阻(zu)過(guo)高，到達集(ji)塵電(dian)極的塵粒電(dian)荷不(bu)易放(fang)出(chu)，在(zai)塵層之間(jian)形成電(dian)壓(ya)梯度會產生局部擊穿和放(fang)電(dian)現象。

這些情況都(dou)會造(zao)成除(chu)(chu)塵效率下降。工作原理/靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)塵器用強電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)使(shi)(shi)灰塵顆(ke)(ke)粒(li)(li)帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),在其通過除(chu)(chu)塵電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極時(shi),帶(dai)正/負電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)微粒(li)(li)分(fen)別被負/正電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極板吸(xi)附(fu),即(ji)達到除(chu)(chu)塵目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de).由于輻(fu)射摩擦(ca)等原因(yin)，空氣(qi)中(zhong)含(han)有少(shao)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自由離(li)(li)(li)子(zi)，單靠這些自由離(li)(li)(li)子(zi)是(shi)不可(ke)(ke)能使(shi)(shi)含(han)塵空氣(qi)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)塵粒(li)(li)充分(fen)荷(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。因(yin)此，要利用靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使(shi)(shi)粉塵分(fen)離(li)(li)(li)須具備兩個基(ji)本(ben)條件，一(yi)是(shi)存在使(shi)(shi)粉塵荷(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)；二(er)是(shi)存在使(shi)(shi)荷(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉塵顆(ke)(ke)粒(li)(li)分(fen)離(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)。一(yi)般的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)塵器采(cai)用荷(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)和分(fen)離(li)(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)合一(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)法，放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)金屬棒(bang)接(jie)高壓直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)負極，集塵極接(jie)地為正極，集塵極可(ke)(ke)以采(cai)用圓管，也可(ke)(ke)以采(cai)用平板。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電壓升高到(dao)數值(zhi)后，放電(dian)(dian)極附(fu)近(jin)的(de)(de)離子(zi)(zi)獲得(de)了(le)較高(gao)的(de)(de)能量和速(su)度，它們撞(zhuang)擊空氣(qi)中的(de)(de)中性原子(zi)(zi)時，中性原子(zi)(zi)會分解成正(zheng)、負(fu)離子(zi)(zi)，這種現象(xiang)稱為(wei)空氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)離。空氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)離后，由于聯鎖反應，在極間運動的(de)(de)離子(zi)(zi)數大(da)大(da)增(zeng)加，表(biao)現為(wei)極間的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)急(ji)劇增(zeng)加，空氣(qi)成了(le)導體。放電(dian)(dian)極周圍的(de)(de)空氣(qi)全部電(dian)(dian)離后，在放電(dian)(dian)極周圍可以看見(jian)一圈淡藍(lan)色的(de)(de)光(guang)環(huan)，這個光(guang)環(huan)稱為(wei)電(dian)(dian)暈。電(dian)(dian)除塵器的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)暈范圍通常(chang)局限于金(jin)屬棒周圍幾毫(hao)米處。

空(kong)氣(qi)在電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)范(fan)(fan)圍電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)后，正離(li)子(zi)很(hen)(hen)快向負(fu)極移動(dong)，只有(you)負(fu)離(li)子(zi)才會(hui)進入電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)外區(qu)，向陽(yang)極移動(dong)。含塵空(kong)氣(qi)通過電(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵器時，由于電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)區(qu)的范(fan)(fan)圍很(hen)(hen)小，只有(you)少量(liang)的塵粒(li)在電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)區(qu)通過，獲得正電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)，沉積(ji)在電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)極上。

大多數塵粒在電(dian)(dian)暈外區通過，獲得負電(dian)(dian)荷(he)，沉(chen)積在陽極板上，當塵(chen)埃聚集到程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。