鶴崗濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比(bi)電阻過(guo)低，塵(chen)(chen)(chen)粒(li)難以(yi)保(bao)持在(zai)集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)電極上，致使其重(zhong)返氣流。比(bi)電阻過(guo)高，到達集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)電極的(de)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)粒(li)電荷不易放出，在(zai)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)層(ceng)之間形成電壓梯(ti)度會(hui)產生局部擊穿和放電現象。

這些情況(kuang)都會造成除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)效率下降。工(gong)作原理/靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器用(yong)強電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場使(shi)灰塵(chen)(chen)顆粒帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),在其(qi)通過除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極時,帶正/負電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)微粒分別被負/正電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極板吸附(fu),即(ji)達到除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de).由于輻射摩擦等原因(yin)，空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)中(zhong)含(han)有少量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自由離子(zi)(zi)，單靠這些自由離子(zi)(zi)是不可(ke)能使(shi)含(han)塵(chen)(chen)空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)塵(chen)(chen)粒充(chong)分荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。因(yin)此，要利用(yong)靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使(shi)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)分離須具備(bei)兩個基本條件，一(yi)是存在使(shi)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場；二是存在使(shi)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)顆粒分離的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場。一(yi)般的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器采用(yong)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場和(he)分離電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場合一(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方法，放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)金(jin)屬棒接高(gao)壓直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)負極，集塵(chen)(chen)極接地為(wei)正極，集塵(chen)(chen)極可(ke)以(yi)采用(yong)圓管(guan)，也可(ke)以(yi)采用(yong)平(ping)板。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電壓(ya)升(sheng)高(gao)到數值后(hou)，放電(dian)(dian)極附近的(de)(de)離子獲得了(le)較高的(de)(de)能(neng)量和速(su)度(du)，它們(men)撞擊空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)中(zhong)的(de)(de)中(zhong)性原(yuan)子時，中(zhong)性原(yuan)子會分(fen)解成正、負離子，這(zhe)種現象(xiang)稱為(wei)空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)離。空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)離后(hou)，由于(yu)聯鎖(suo)反(fan)應，在(zai)(zai)極間(jian)運動的(de)(de)離子數大大增(zeng)加，表現為(wei)極間(jian)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)流急(ji)劇增(zeng)加，空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)成了(le)導體。放電(dian)(dian)極周(zhou)圍的(de)(de)空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)全部電(dian)(dian)離后(hou)，在(zai)(zai)放電(dian)(dian)極周(zhou)圍可(ke)以看(kan)見一圈淡(dan)藍色的(de)(de)光環，這(zhe)個光環稱為(wei)電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)。電(dian)(dian)除塵器的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)范圍通常局限(xian)于(yu)金屬棒(bang)周(zhou)圍幾(ji)毫(hao)米處(chu)。

空氣在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)范圍電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)離后，正離子(zi)很快向(xiang)負極(ji)移動，只有負離子(zi)才會(hui)進(jin)入(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)外(wai)區，向(xiang)陽極(ji)移動。含塵空氣通(tong)過電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵器時，由于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)區的范圍很小，只有少量的塵粒(li)在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)區通(tong)過，獲得正電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷，沉積(ji)在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)極(ji)上。

大多數塵粒(li)在電暈外區通過，獲(huo)得負(fu)電荷，沉積在陽極板上，當塵(chen)埃聚集到程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。