鶴壁濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻過低(di)，塵(chen)粒(li)難以保(bao)持在集塵(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極上，致使其重返氣流。比電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻過高(gao)，到(dao)達(da)集塵(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極的塵(chen)粒(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷不易放出，在塵(chen)層之間形成電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓梯(ti)度(du)會產生局部擊穿和放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)現象。

這(zhe)些(xie)情(qing)況都會造成除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)效率下(xia)降(jiang)。工(gong)作原理/靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器用強(qiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場使(shi)(shi)灰塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)顆粒(li)帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),在(zai)其通過除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)時(shi),帶正/負電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷的(de)微粒(li)分(fen)(fen)(fen)別被(bei)負/正電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)板吸附(fu),即達到除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)目的(de).由于輻射摩(mo)擦等原因，空氣中(zhong)含(han)有少(shao)量的(de)自(zi)由離(li)子(zi)，單靠這(zhe)些(xie)自(zi)由離(li)子(zi)是不(bu)可能使(shi)(shi)含(han)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)空氣中(zhong)的(de)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)粒(li)充分(fen)(fen)(fen)荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)。因此，要利用靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使(shi)(shi)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)分(fen)(fen)(fen)離(li)須具備兩個基本條件，一(yi)是存(cun)在(zai)使(shi)(shi)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場；二是存(cun)在(zai)使(shi)(shi)荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)顆粒(li)分(fen)(fen)(fen)離(li)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場。一(yi)般(ban)的(de)靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器采(cai)用荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場和分(fen)(fen)(fen)離(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場合一(yi)的(de)方法(fa)，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)的(de)金屬棒接(jie)高壓直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)負極(ji)(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)極(ji)(ji)接(jie)地(di)為(wei)正極(ji)(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)極(ji)(ji)可以采(cai)用圓(yuan)管，也可以采(cai)用平板。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電壓升高到數值后，放(fang)電(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)附近的(de)(de)(de)離(li)(li)子獲得了(le)較高的(de)(de)(de)能量和速(su)度，它們(men)撞(zhuang)擊空(kong)氣(qi)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)性原子時，中(zhong)性原子會分解成正、負離(li)(li)子，這(zhe)種現象稱(cheng)為(wei)空(kong)氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)離(li)(li)。空(kong)氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)離(li)(li)后，由于聯鎖反(fan)應，在極(ji)(ji)間(jian)運動(dong)的(de)(de)(de)離(li)(li)子數大(da)大(da)增加，表(biao)現為(wei)極(ji)(ji)間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)流急劇增加，空(kong)氣(qi)成了(le)導體(ti)。放(fang)電(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)周圍的(de)(de)(de)空(kong)氣(qi)全部電(dian)(dian)離(li)(li)后，在放(fang)電(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)周圍可以看見一圈淡藍色的(de)(de)(de)光環(huan)，這(zhe)個(ge)光環(huan)稱(cheng)為(wei)電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)。電(dian)(dian)除塵器的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)范圍通常局限于金屬棒周圍幾毫米處。

空(kong)氣在(zai)電(dian)暈(yun)(yun)(yun)范(fan)圍電(dian)離后，正離子(zi)很快向負極移(yi)動(dong)，只有負離子(zi)才會進入電(dian)暈(yun)(yun)(yun)外(wai)區，向陽極移(yi)動(dong)。含塵空(kong)氣通過電(dian)除(chu)塵器時，由(you)于電(dian)暈(yun)(yun)(yun)區的范(fan)圍很小，只有少量(liang)的塵粒在(zai)電(dian)暈(yun)(yun)(yun)區通過，獲得正電(dian)荷，沉積在(zai)電(dian)暈(yun)(yun)(yun)極上。

大多數塵(chen)粒在電(dian)暈外區通(tong)過，獲得負電(dian)荷，沉(chen)積在陽極板上(shang)，當(dang)塵埃(ai)聚集(ji)到程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。