漢中濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)過(guo)低，塵粒難以保持在集(ji)塵電(dian)(dian)(dian)極上(shang)，致使其重返氣流。比電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)過(guo)高(gao)，到達集(ji)塵電(dian)(dian)(dian)極的塵粒電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷不易放出，在塵層之間形成電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓梯度會產生局部擊穿和放電(dian)(dian)(dian)現象(xiang)。

這些(xie)情況都(dou)會造成除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)效率下降。工(gong)作(zuo)原理/靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)用(yong)強電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場使灰塵(chen)(chen)(chen)顆粒(li)帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),在其(qi)通過除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)時,帶正(zheng)/負(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷的微(wei)粒(li)分(fen)別被負(fu)(fu)/正(zheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)板吸附,即達到除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)目的.由于輻射摩擦等(deng)原因，空(kong)氣中(zhong)含有少量的自由離(li)(li)子，單靠這些(xie)自由離(li)(li)子是不可能使含塵(chen)(chen)(chen)空(kong)氣中(zhong)的塵(chen)(chen)(chen)粒(li)充分(fen)荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的。因此，要利用(yong)靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)分(fen)離(li)(li)須(xu)具備(bei)兩個基本條件，一(yi)是存在使粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場；二是存在使荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)顆粒(li)分(fen)離(li)(li)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場。一(yi)般的靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場和分(fen)離(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場合一(yi)的方法，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)的金屬棒接(jie)高壓直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的負(fu)(fu)極(ji)(ji)(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)(chen)極(ji)(ji)(ji)接(jie)地為正(zheng)極(ji)(ji)(ji)，集塵(chen)(chen)(chen)極(ji)(ji)(ji)可以采(cai)(cai)用(yong)圓管，也可以采(cai)(cai)用(yong)平板。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電壓升高到數值后(hou)，放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)附(fu)近的(de)(de)(de)離(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)獲得了(le)較高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)能量和速度，它(ta)們撞擊空氣(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)性原子(zi)(zi)時(shi)，中(zhong)(zhong)性原子(zi)(zi)會分解成(cheng)正、負離(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)，這種現象稱(cheng)為空氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)(li)(li)。空氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)(li)(li)后(hou)，由于聯鎖反應，在極(ji)(ji)(ji)間(jian)(jian)運(yun)動的(de)(de)(de)離(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)數大大增加，表(biao)現為極(ji)(ji)(ji)間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流急劇(ju)增加，空氣(qi)成(cheng)了(le)導體。放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)周(zhou)圍(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)(de)空氣(qi)全部(bu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)(li)(li)后(hou)，在放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)周(zhou)圍(wei)(wei)可以(yi)看見一圈淡藍色的(de)(de)(de)光環(huan)，這個光環(huan)稱(cheng)為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵器的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)范圍(wei)(wei)通常局限于金(jin)屬棒周(zhou)圍(wei)(wei)幾毫米處。

空氣在(zai)電(dian)暈(yun)范圍電(dian)離后(hou)，正離子(zi)(zi)很(hen)(hen)快向負極移動，只有負離子(zi)(zi)才會進入電(dian)暈(yun)外(wai)區(qu)，向陽極移動。含塵(chen)空氣通過(guo)電(dian)除塵(chen)器時，由于電(dian)暈(yun)區(qu)的(de)范圍很(hen)(hen)小，只有少量的(de)塵(chen)粒在(zai)電(dian)暈(yun)區(qu)通過(guo)，獲得(de)正電(dian)荷，沉(chen)積在(zai)電(dian)暈(yun)極上(shang)。

大多(duo)數塵粒在電(dian)暈外(wai)區通過，獲得負電(dian)荷，沉積在(zai)陽極(ji)板上，當塵(chen)埃聚集到(dao)程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。