杭州濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家

靜電除塵器靜

電除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電場使煙氣發生電離，氣流中的粉塵荷電在電場作用下與氣流分離。負極由不同斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電電極。正極由不同幾何形狀的金屬板制成，叫集塵電極。靜電除塵器的性能受粉塵性質、設備構造和煙氣流速等三個因素的影響。粉塵的比電阻是評價導電性的指標，它對除塵效率有直接的影響。

比(bi)(bi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻過低，塵粒難(nan)以保持在集塵電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)上，致(zhi)使其重返氣流。比(bi)(bi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻過高(gao)，到達(da)集塵電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)的塵粒電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷不易放(fang)出，在塵層(ceng)之間形(xing)成電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓梯度會產生局部擊穿和(he)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)現象。

這(zhe)些(xie)情況都(dou)會造成除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)效率下降。工(gong)作(zuo)原(yuan)理/靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)用(yong)(yong)強電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)使(shi)(shi)(shi)灰塵(chen)(chen)(chen)顆(ke)粒帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),在(zai)(zai)其通過除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)時,帶正(zheng)/負(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)的(de)(de)(de)微粒分別被負(fu)/正(zheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)板(ban)吸附,即達到除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)目的(de)(de)(de).由(you)于輻射摩擦(ca)等原(yuan)因，空(kong)氣中(zhong)含有少量的(de)(de)(de)自(zi)由(you)離子，單靠(kao)這(zhe)些(xie)自(zi)由(you)離子是(shi)不可(ke)能使(shi)(shi)(shi)含塵(chen)(chen)(chen)空(kong)氣中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)粒充分荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)。因此，要利用(yong)(yong)靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使(shi)(shi)(shi)粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)分離須具備兩個(ge)基(ji)本(ben)條件(jian)，一(yi)是(shi)存在(zai)(zai)使(shi)(shi)(shi)粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)；二是(shi)存在(zai)(zai)使(shi)(shi)(shi)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)顆(ke)粒分離的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)。一(yi)般的(de)(de)(de)靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)和分離電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)合一(yi)的(de)(de)(de)方法，放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)的(de)(de)(de)金屬(shu)棒(bang)接(jie)(jie)高壓直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)(de)(de)負(fu)極(ji)，集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)極(ji)接(jie)(jie)地為正(zheng)極(ji)，集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)極(ji)可(ke)以采(cai)用(yong)(yong)圓(yuan)管(guan)，也可(ke)以采(cai)用(yong)(yong)平板(ban)。

接通電源后，在電場作用下，空氣中的自由離子要向兩極移動，電壓愈高、電場強度愈高，離子的運動速度愈快。濕式靜電除塵器生產廠家由于離子的運動，極間形成了電流。開始時，空氣中的自由離子少，電流較少。

電壓升(sheng)高到數(shu)值后，放(fang)電(dian)極(ji)(ji)附近(jin)的(de)(de)離(li)(li)子(zi)獲得了較(jiao)高的(de)(de)能量和速(su)度，它(ta)們(men)撞擊空(kong)氣(qi)中的(de)(de)中性原子(zi)時(shi)，中性原子(zi)會分解成正、負離(li)(li)子(zi)，這(zhe)種現(xian)象稱為空(kong)氣(qi)電(dian)離(li)(li)。空(kong)氣(qi)電(dian)離(li)(li)后，由于聯鎖反應，在極(ji)(ji)間(jian)運動的(de)(de)離(li)(li)子(zi)數(shu)大大增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)，表現(xian)為極(ji)(ji)間(jian)的(de)(de)電(dian)流急(ji)劇增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)，空(kong)氣(qi)成了導(dao)體(ti)。放(fang)電(dian)極(ji)(ji)周(zhou)圍(wei)的(de)(de)空(kong)氣(qi)全(quan)部電(dian)離(li)(li)后，在放(fang)電(dian)極(ji)(ji)周(zhou)圍(wei)可以看見一圈淡藍色的(de)(de)光(guang)環(huan)，這(zhe)個光(guang)環(huan)稱為電(dian)暈。電(dian)除塵器的(de)(de)電(dian)暈范(fan)圍(wei)通常(chang)局限于金屬棒周(zhou)圍(wei)幾毫米處。

空氣在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)范(fan)圍(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)后，正離(li)子(zi)(zi)很快向負極移(yi)動(dong)(dong)，只有負離(li)子(zi)(zi)才會進入(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)外(wai)區，向陽極移(yi)動(dong)(dong)。含(han)塵空氣通(tong)過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵器時，由于(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)區的范(fan)圍(wei)很小，只有少(shao)量的塵粒在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)區通(tong)過(guo)，獲得(de)正電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷，沉積在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)極上。

大多(duo)數塵粒在電暈外區(qu)通過，獲得負(fu)電荷(he)，沉積在陽極板上，當(dang)塵埃聚(ju)集到程度，由于重力作用，掉下聚集到收集槽內。靜電除塵器與其他除塵設備相比，耗能少，除塵效率高，適用于除去煙氣中0．01—50μm的粉塵，而且可用于煙氣溫度高、壓力大的場合。實踐表明，處理的煙氣量越大，使用靜電除塵器的投資和運行費用越經濟。